Sphyrna corona

Taxonomy

Assessment Information

Geographic Range

Population

Habitat and Ecology

Threats

Conservation Actions

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Taxonomy [top]

Kingdom	Phylum	Class	Order	Family
ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	CHONDRICHTHYES	CARCHARHINIFORMES	SPHYRNIDAE

Scientific Name:

Sphyrna corona

Species Authority:

Springer, 1940

Common Name/s:

English	–	Crown Shark, Mallethead Shark, Scalloped Bonnethead
French	–	Requin-marteau Cornu
Spanish	–	Cornuda Coronada

Assessment Information [top]

Red List Category & Criteria:	Near Threatened ver 3.1
Year Published:	2004
Assessor/s:	Mycock, S.G. (SSG South America Regional Workshop, June 2003)
Reviewer/s:	Kyne, P.M., Cavanagh, R.D. & Fowler, S.L. (Shark Red List Authority)
Contributor/s:
Justification: The biology of this regionally endemic species is poorly known though the available information suggests it has a low productivity. This apparently rare species almost meets the requirements for Vulnerable (A4ad), however, there is no direct evidence to suggest that the population is in decline due to the low numbers observed over its range. Marked declines have been observed in Sphyrna tudes, occurring in similar habitats and subject to artisanal fisheries, and it is likely that S. corona is fished similarly though with greater impact due to its lower fecundity. Further investigation into the population and biology of this uncommon species is required.

Geographic Range [top]

Range Description:	Type specimen from Panama, Eastern Pacific.
Countries:	Native: Colombia; Costa Rica; Ecuador; El Salvador; Guatemala; Honduras; Mexico; Nicaragua; Panama; Peru
FAO Marine Fishing Areas:	Native: Pacific – eastern central; Pacific – southeast
Range Map:	Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.

Population [top]

Population Trend:	Unknown

Population Trend:

Unknown

Habitat and Ecology [top]

Habitat and Ecology:	This is probably the smallest of the hammerhead species, residing on the continental shelf in inshore habitats. It is born at around 23 cm total (TL); males are mature at approximately 67 cm TL; and the species reaches a maximum size of approximately 92 cm TL. Uncommonly seen; biological information is lacking; and fecundity is low, with a noted litter size of two (Compagno 1984).
Systems:	Marine

Threats [top]

Major Threat(s):	An inshore coastal shark unreported in commercial fishery data for the region and probably taken in inshore artisanal fisheries, to which all life stages are thought susceptible. With no population data available, a small maximum size of approximately 1 m TL and occupancy of inshore artisanally fished coastal habitats throughout its range, this species is likely to be under threat. Its narrow range and documented litter size of only two makes its population sensitive to even low fishing pressure.

Major Threat(s):

An inshore coastal shark unreported in commercial fishery data for the region and probably taken in inshore artisanal fisheries, to which all life stages are thought susceptible. With no population data available, a small maximum size of approximately 1 m TL and occupancy of inshore artisanally fished coastal habitats throughout its range, this species is likely to be under threat. Its narrow range and documented litter size of only two makes its population sensitive to even low fishing pressure.

Conservation Actions [top]

Conservation Actions:	No conservation measures are in place for this species.

Conservation Actions:

No conservation measures are in place for this species.

Citation:	Mycock, S.G. (SSG South America Regional Workshop, June 2003) 2004. Sphyrna corona. In: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 24 May 2013.
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