







| Kingdom | Phylum | Class | Order | Family |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ANIMALIA | CHORDATA | ACTINOPTERYGII | PLEURONECTIFORMES | CYNOGLOSSIDAE |
| Scientific Name: | Symphurus atramentatus | |||||||||
| Species Authority: | Jordan and Bollman 1890 | |||||||||
Common Name/s:
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| Red List Category & Criteria: | Least Concern ver 3.1 |
| Year Published: | 2010 |
| Assessor/s: | Nielsen, J.G., Munroe, T., Tyler, J. & Robertson, R. |
| Reviewer/s: | Carpenter, K., Polidoro, B. & Livingstone, S. (Global Marine Species Assessment Team) |
| Contributor/s: | |
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Justification: This species is common, has a broad distribution, has no major threats, and is found within several Marine Protected Areas. Therefore, this species is listed as Least Concern. |
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| Range Description: | This eastern tropical Pacific species is found from southern Baja California and the Gulf of California to northern Peru, and the Galapagos islands (Munroe et al. 1995). |
| Countries: | Native: Chile; Colombia; Costa Rica; Ecuador; El Salvador; Guatemala; Honduras; Mexico; Nicaragua; Panama; Peru |
| FAO Marine Fishing Areas: | Native:
Pacific – eastern central; Pacific – southeast
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| Range Map: | Click here to open the map viewer and explore range. |
| Population: | This species is common within its range. There is no population information for this species. |
| Population Trend: |
Unknown
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| Habitat and Ecology: | This species is found over a variety of soft-bottom substrates, occasionally near reefs. Small specimens may be taken from tide pools and other shallow habitats. It feeds mainly on small benthic invertebrates, has pelagic eggs and larvae, and has been found from 1-120m of depth. |
| Systems: | Marine |
| Major Threat(s): | There are no major threats to this species. |
| Conservation Actions: | There are no species specific conservation measures. However, this species' distribution includes a number of Marine Protected Areas in the eastern tropical Pacific region. |
| Citation: | Nielsen, J.G., Munroe, T., Tyler, J. & Robertson, R. 2010. Symphurus atramentatus. In: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 25 May 2013. |
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