|
|
Tyto alba
– Least Concern
Taxonomy
|
Kingdom:
|
ANIMALIA
|
|
Phylum:
|
CHORDATA
|
|
Class:
|
AVES
|
|
Order:
|
STRIGIFORMES
|
|
Family:
|
TYTONIDAE
|
|
Scientific Name:
|
Tyto alba
|
|
Species Authority:
|
(Scopoli, 1769)
|
|
Common Name/s:
|
|
Assessment Information
|
Red List Category & Criteria:
|
LC ver 3.1 (2001)
|
|
Year Assessed:
|
2004
|
|
Assessor/s:
|
BirdLife International
|
|
Evaluator/s:
|
Ekstrom, J. & Butchart, S. (BirdLife International Red List Authority)
|
|
Justification:
|
This species has a large global range; the total size has not yet been quantified, but the extent of occurrence in Africa and the Americas combined is estimated to be 44,000,000 km². It has a large global population estimated to be 4,900,000 individuals (Rich et al. 2003). Global population trends have not been quantified, but the species is not believed to approach the thresholds for the population decline criterion of the IUCN Red List (i.e., declining more than 30% in ten years or three generations). For these reasons, the species is evaluated as Least Concern.
|
|
History:
|
| 1988 | - | Lower Risk/least concern (BirdLife International 2004) |
| 1994 | - | Lower Risk/least concern (BirdLife International 2004) |
| 2000 | - | Lower Risk/least concern (BirdLife International 2000) |
|
Geographic Range
|
Range Description:
|
This species has a large global range; the total size has not yet been quantified, but the Extent of Occurrence in Africa and the Americas combined is estimated to be 44,000,000 km². It has a large global population estimated to be 4,900,000 individuals (Rich et al. 2003). Global population trends have not been quantified, but the species is not believed to approach the thresholds for the population decline criterion of the IUCN Red List (i.e. declining more than 30% in ten years or three generations). For these reasons, the species is evaluated as Least Concern.
|
|
Countries:
|
Native:
Albania; Algeria; American Samoa; Andorra; Angola; Anguilla; Antigua and Barbuda; Argentina; Aruba; Australia; Austria; Bahamas; Bahrain; Bangladesh; Barbados; Belarus; Belgium; Belize; Benin; Bermuda; Bolivia; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Botswana; Brazil; Bulgaria; Burkina Faso; Burundi; Cambodia; Cameroon; Canada; Cape Verde; Cayman Islands; Central African Republic; Chad; Chile; China; Colombia; Comoros; Congo; Congo, The Democratic Republic of the; Costa Rica; Croatia; Cuba; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Côte d'Ivoire; Denmark; Dominica; Dominican Republic; Ecuador; Egypt; El Salvador; Equatorial Guinea; Eritrea; Ethiopia; Falkland Islands (Malvinas); Fiji; France; French Guiana; Gabon; Gambia; Georgia; Germany; Ghana; Gibraltar; Greece; Greenland; Grenada; Guadeloupe; Guatemala; Guinea; Guinea-Bissau; Guyana; Haiti; Honduras; Hungary; India; Indonesia; Iran, Islamic Republic of; Iraq; Ireland; Israel; Italy; Jamaica; Jordan; Kenya; Lao People's Democratic Republic; Latvia; Lebanon; Lesotho; Liberia; Libyan Arab Jamahiriya; Liechtenstein; Lithuania; Luxembourg; Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of; Madagascar; Malawi; Malaysia; Mali; Malta; Martinique; Mauritania; Mayotte; Mexico; Moldova, Republic of; Monaco; Montenegro; Montserrat; Morocco; Mozambique; Myanmar; Namibia; Nepal; Netherlands; Netherlands Antilles; Nicaragua; Niger; Nigeria; Niue; Oman; Pakistan; Panama; Papua New Guinea; Paraguay; Peru; Poland; Portugal; Puerto Rico; Romania; Rwanda; Saint Kitts and Nevis; Saint Lucia; Saint Pierre and Miquelon; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Samoa; San Marino; Sao Tomé and Principe; Saudi Arabia; Senegal; Serbia; Sierra Leone; Singapore; Slovakia; Slovenia; Solomon Islands; Somalia; South Africa; South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands; Spain; Sri Lanka; Sudan; Suriname; Swaziland; Sweden; Switzerland; Syrian Arab Republic; Tanzania, United Republic of; Thailand; Togo; Tonga; Trinidad and Tobago; Tunisia; Turkey; Turks and Caicos Islands; Uganda; Ukraine; United Arab Emirates; United Kingdom; United States; Uruguay; Vanuatu; Venezuela; Viet Nam; Virgin Islands, British; Virgin Islands, U.S.; Wallis and Futuna; Western Sahara; Yemen; Zambia; Zimbabwe
Introduced:
Seychelles
Vagrant:
Estonia; Finland; Kuwait; New Zealand; Norway; Svalbard and Jan Mayen
|
Habitat and Ecology
|
System:
|
Terrestrial
|
|
List of Habitats:
|
| 3.5 | Shrubland - Subtropical/Tropical Dry |
| 3.7 | Shrubland - Subtropical/Tropical High Altitude |
| 3.8 | Shrubland - Mediterranean-type Shrubby Vegetation |
| 14.1 | Artificial/Terrestrial - Arable Land |
| 14.2 | Artificial/Terrestrial - Pastureland |
| 14.6 | Artificial/Terrestrial - Subtropical/Tropical Heavily Degraded Former Forest |
|
Bibliography
|
Bibliography:
|
Bird Reference Citations. The numbers inserted in the text accounts above (usually in bold) refer to references. For further details on these references, click on the BirdLife International link above to go to the specific species account on the BirdLife web site. In some cases, particularly in the taxonomic notes, the references are cited using the author names. Details for these can be found on the BirdLife International web site at the following two places:
For References from A–L.
For References from M–Z. BirdLife International. 2000. Threatened Birds of the World. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, U.K. BirdLife International. 2004 Threatened Birds of the World 2004. CD-ROM. BirdLife International, Cambridge, U.K.
|
|
|
