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Gallicolumba crinigera
– Vulnerable
Taxonomy
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Kingdom:
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ANIMALIA
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Phylum:
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CHORDATA
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Class:
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AVES
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Order:
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COLUMBIFORMES
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Family:
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COLUMBIDAE
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Scientific Name:
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Gallicolumba crinigera
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Species Authority:
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(Pucheran, 1853)
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Synonym/s:
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Gallicolumba criniger (Pucheran, 1853) [orth. error]
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Common Name/s:
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| English | — | MINDANAO BLEEDING-HEART |
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Taxonomic Notes:
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Gender agreement of species name follows David and Gosselin (2002a).
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Assessment Information
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Red List Category & Criteria:
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VU A2cd+3cd+4cd; C2a(i) ver 3.1 (2001)
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Year Assessed:
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2007
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Assessor/s:
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BirdLife International
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Evaluator/s:
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Bird, J., Butchart, S. & Crosby, M. (BirdLife International Red List Authority)
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Justification:
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Forest clearance within the species' range must have led to rapid reduction of its small, fragmented global population; a trend which is set to continue. For these reasons it is classified as Vulnerable. It was previously listed as Endangered, but has been downlisted owing to a lack of quantitative data from population censuses to confirm its rate of population decline: a requirement of the C1 criterion under which it was previously listed.
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History:
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| 1988 | - | Lower Risk/least concern (BirdLife International 2004) |
| 1994 | - | Vulnerable (Collar, Crosby and Stattersfield 1994) |
| 2000 | - | Endangered (BirdLife International 2000) |
| 2004 | - | Endangered (BirdLife International 2004) |
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Geographic Range
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Range Description:
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Gallicolomba crinigera is endemic to the Philippines, where it is known from Samar, Leyte, Bohol, Dinagat, Mindanao and Basilan. There are records from c.35 localities, but since 1980 it has been recorded from just two (Rajah Sikatuna National Park on Bohol and Bislig on Mindanao). It always appears to have been rare throughout its range, although its aptitude for self-concealment may mean that it is under-recorded. Nevertheless, a substantial population decline is likely to have occurred.
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Countries:
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Native:
Philippines
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Population
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Population Trend:
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Habitat and Ecology
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Habitat and Ecology:
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It inhabits primary and secondary lowland and transitional dipterocarp forest below 750 m. It is highly terrestrial, favouring flat areas with only sparse undergrowth, particularly in dry, coastal areas. There is no evidence of seasonal movements, but a degree of nomadism or altitudinal displacement might be anticipated, perhaps linked to the rains (March-June), when it appears to breed.
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System:
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Terrestrial
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Threats
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Threats:
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The near-total loss of lowland forest throughout its range has caused its decline. In the late 1980s forest cover was estimated at just 29% on Mindanao, and as little as 433 km2 of old-growth dipterocarp remained on Samar and Leyte, with most lowland forest leased to logging concessions, and mining applications. Dinagat has lost practically all lowland forest as a result of illegal logging and, particularly, chromite surface-mining. Bohol is thought to retain only 4% forest cover, with tree-cutting, agricultural expansion and soil erosion all acting as threats to Rajah Sikatuna National Park. Forest at Bislig on Mindanao is being cleared under concession and re-planted with exotic trees for paper production. Trapping for food and trade is a problem for all terrestrial birds in the Philippines.
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Conservation Actions
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Conservation Actions:
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Conservation measures underway:
It has been recorded recently in just one protected area, Rajah Sikatuna National Park. Other areas, now afforded protection, where it formerly occurred (and may still occur) include Mt Malindang National Park, Mt Hilong-hilong (which includes a watershed reserve) and Mt Matutum Forest Reserve (a proposed national park).
Conservation measures proposed:
Conduct further surveys in remaining tracts of suitable habitat and areas with historical records, particularly on Samar and Leyte. Continue to advocate the effective protection of (possible) key sites. Propose remaining forests found to support the species for establishment as protected areas. Promote more effective enforcement of laws relating to hunting and trapping.
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