| Kingdom | Phylum | Class | Order | Family |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PLANTAE | TRACHEOPHYTA | MAGNOLIOPSIDA | MALVALES | MALVACEAE |
| Scientific Name: | Abutilon eremitopetalum | |||
| Species Authority: | Caum | |||
Common Name/s:
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| Red List Category & Criteria: | Critically Endangered B2ab(iii) ver 3.1 |
| Year Assessed: | 2003 |
| Assessor/s | Bruegmann, M.M. & Caraway, V. |
| Evaluator/s: | Maunder, M. (Plant Conservation Committee) & Dickinson, T. (Red List Programme Office) |
|
Justification: A perennial shrub endemic to the windward side of the island of Lanai. Only one subpopulation of 100 plants is currently known in an area of less than 10 km². When first discovered in 1987, this subpopulation consisted of 60–70 plants, but by the mid-1990s it had been more than halved. However, the population was subsequently fenced to protect the plants from introduced deer, and although there was abundant recruitment within the exclosure for a time, numbers undergo extreme fluctuations. There is also continuing decline due to the impacts of the deer, introduced mouflon sheep and alien plants, hence the listing as Critically Endangered. |
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| Range Description: | Confined to a single site on the windward side of the island of Lanai. Known from one subpopulation containing 100 mature individuals. The extent of occurrence is less than 10 km². |
| Countries: |
Native:
United States (Hawaiian Is.)
|
| Population Trend: |
Decreasing
|
| Habitat and Ecology: | A perennial shrub of dry forests and shrublands in gulches. |
| Systems: | Terrestrial |
| Major Threat(s): | Introduced deer, moufflon sheep, and invasive alien plants constitute the main threats. Overgrazing by cattle was also a problem in the past. Dry habitats in Hawaii have reduced by 90% from their original distribution and continue to decline dramatically. |
| Conservation Actions: | A. eremitopetalum is federally and state-listed as an endangered species. |
| Citation: | Bruegmann, M.M. & Caraway, V. 2003. Abutilon eremitopetalum. In: IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 02 December 2008. |
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