Alouatta caraya

– Least Concern

Taxonomy

Kingdom:

ANIMALIA

Phylum:

CHORDATA

Class:

MAMMALIA

Order:

PRIMATES

Family:

ATELIDAE

Scientific Name:

Alouatta caraya

Species Authority:

(Humboldt, 1812)

Common Name/s:

English	—	BLACK HOWLER MONKEY, BLACK HOWLING MONKEY
Spanish	—	AULLADOR NEGRO, MANECHI NEGRO, MANECHI

Assessment Information

Red List Category & Criteria:

LC ver 3.1 (2001)

Year Assessed:

2003

Assessor/s:

Rylands, A.B., Bampi, M.I., Chiarello, A.G., da Fonseca, G.A.B., Mendes, S.L., Marcelino, M. & Tarifa, T.

Evaluator/s:

Rylands, A.B. & Mittermeier, R.A. (Primate Red List Authority)

Justification:

Alouatta caraya is a wide ranging species. Declines have occurred in many parts of its range due to habitat loss. However, at the global level the species is assessed as Least Concern. In Bolivia, Tarifa (1996) classified the species as Vulnerable (under 1994 criteria) due to hunting pressure and the fragmentation of its forests.

History:

1996

Lower Risk/least concern (Baillie and Groombridge 1996)

Geographic Range

Countries:

Native:

Argentina; Bolivia; Brazil; Paraguay

Uncertain presence and origin:

Uruguay

Habitat and Ecology

System:

Terrestrial

List of Habitats:

1.6	Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland

Threats

List of Threats:

1	Habitat Loss/Degradation (human induced) (ongoing)
3	Harvesting (hunting/gathering) (ongoing)

Bibliography

Bibliography:

Anderson, S. 1997. Mammals of Bolivia, taxonomy and distribution. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 231: 1-652.

Baillie, J. and Groombridge, B. (compilers and editors) 1996. 1996 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.

Brown, A.D. and Rumiz, D.I. 1986. Distribucion de los primates en Bolivia. In: M.T.de Mello (ed.). A Primatologia no Brasil - 2. pp.335-363. Sociedade Brasileira de Primatologia.

Cortés-Ortiz, L., Bermingham, E., Rico, C., Rodríguez-Luna, E., Sampaio, I. and Ruiz-García, M. 2003. Molecular systematics and biogeography of the Neotropical monkey genus, Alouatta. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 26: 64-81.

Gregorim, R. 1995. Variação geográfica e taxonomia das espécies brasileiras do genêro Alouatta Lacépède, 1799 (Primates, Atelinae). MSc Dissertation, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo

Groves, C.P. 2001. The Taxonomy of Primates. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC.

IUCN. 2003. 2003 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 18 November 2003.

Neville, M.K., Glander, K.E., Braza, F. and Rylands, A.B. 1988. The howling monkeys, genus Alouatta. In: R.A. Mittermeier, A.B. Rylands, A.F. Coimbra-Filho and G.A.B. da Fonseca (eds). Ecology and Behavior of Neotropical Primates. Vol. 2. pp.349-453. World Wildlife Fund, Washington, D.C.

Redford, K.H. and Eisenberg, J.F. 1992. Mammals of the Neotropics: The Southern Cone, Vol. 2, Chile, Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay. Chicago University Press, Chicago.

Salazar-Bravo, J., Tarifa, T., Aguirre, L.F., Yensen, E. and Yates, T.L. 2003. Revised checklist of Bolivian Mammals. Occ. Pap. Texas Tech Univ. (220): 1-27.

Stallings, J.R. 1989. Status y conservacion de primates en el Paraguay. In: C.J. Saavedra, R.A. Mittermeier and I.B. Santos (eds). La Primatologia en Latinoamerica. pp.133-151. World Wildlife Fund, Washington, D.C.

Stallings, J.R. 1985. Distribution and status of primates in Paraguay. Primate Conservation (6): 51-7.

Tarifa, T. 1996. Mamíferos. In: P. Erugeta, S. and de Morales, C. (eds). Libro Rojo de los Vertebrados de Bolivia. pp.165-264. Centro de Datos para La Conservación. La Paz.

Citation:	Rylands, A.B., Bampi, M.I., Chiarello, A.G., da Fonseca, G.A.B., Mendes, S.L., Marcelino, M. & Tarifa, T. 2003. Alouatta caraya. In: IUCN 2007. 2007 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 05 September 2008.
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