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Carpococcyx viridis
– Critically Endangered
Taxonomy
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Kingdom:
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ANIMALIA
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Phylum:
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CHORDATA
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Class:
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AVES
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Order:
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CUCULIFORMES
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Family:
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CUCULIDAE
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Scientific Name:
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Carpococcyx viridis
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Species Authority:
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Salvadori, 1879
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Common Name/s:
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| English | — | SUMATRAN GROUND-CUCKOO |
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Taxonomic Notes:
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Carpococcyx radiceus (Sibley and Monroe 1990, 1993) has been split into C. radiatus and C. viridis following Collar and Long (1995), who corrected the name radiceus to radiatus.
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Assessment Information
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Red List Category & Criteria:
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CR C2a(ii) ver 3.1 (2001)
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Year Assessed:
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2004
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Assessor/s:
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BirdLife International
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Evaluator/s:
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Tobias, J., Crosby, M., Collar, N. & Benstead, P. (BirdLife International Red List Authority)
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Justification:
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This poorly known terrestrial forest bird is assumed to have an extremely small population and as such it qualifies as Critically Endangered, although further new information might warrant a reassessment of this judgement.
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History:
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| 2000 | - | Critically Endangered (BirdLife International 2000) |
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Geographic Range
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Range Description:
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Carpococcyx viridis is endemic to the island of Sumatra, Indonesia, where it is only known from eight specimens and one recent confirmed sighting, all from the Barisan Mountains in the southern half of the island. Apparently unrecorded since 1916, it has recently come to light that an individual was trapped and photographed in November 1997 at Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (ar 500 m)1. An additional unconfirmed sighting was made in 2000 in the Bukit Rimbang-Baling Wildlife Sanctuary from an area of hilly, open secondary forest with dense undergrowth at 700m1. Very little is known about its population status. Its close relative, the Bornean Ground-cuckoo C. radiatus, is unobtrusive, which may partly account for the lack of records. However, it seems likely that it is rare and locally distributed.
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Range Map:
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 (click for detailed map)
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Countries:
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Native:
Indonesia (Sumatera)
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Population
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Population Trend:
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Habitat and Ecology
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Habitat and Ecology:
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Information noted on specimen labels reveals that it inhabits foothill and lower montane forest, with records from 300-1,400 m. It may also occur in the lowlands, which is the case with C. radiatus. Brief habitat descriptions from collecting localities and the site of the recent sighting indicate that it occurs in primary or little-disturbed forest. It is a ground-dweller, presumably feeding on small vertebrates and large invertebrates on the forest floor. Other than this, there is no information on its ecology and behaviour.
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System:
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Terrestrial
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List of Habitats:
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| 1.6 | Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland |
| 1.9 | Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane |
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Threats
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Threats:
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Deforestation has been extensive on Sumatra and this is probably the main threat. At least two-thirds to four-fifths of original lowland forest cover and at least one-third of montane forest have been lost, primarily to agricultural encroachment by shifting cultivators, which is currently affecting large areas of lower montane forest, even within protected areas. At the type locality, Gunung Singgalang, forest had been cleared up to 1,800-1,900 m as early as 1917. In addition, being a ground-forager, it is possibly susceptible to hunting using snares.
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List of Threats:
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| 1.1.1.1 | Habitat Loss/Degradation - Agriculture - Crops - Shifting Agriculture (ongoing) |
| 1.3.3.2 | Habitat Loss/Degradation - Extraction - Wood - Selective logging (ongoing) |
| 1.3.3.3 | Habitat Loss/Degradation - Extraction - Wood - Clear-cutting (ongoing) |
| 3.1 | Harvesting (hunting/gathering) - Food (ongoing) |
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Conservation Actions
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Conservation Actions:
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Conservation measures underway:
There are 20 protected areas in the Barisan Mountains, some of which lie within the current known range of this species. The recent record comes from Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park. One specimen was collected from within, or close to Kerinci National Park.
Conservation measures proposed:
Choose potential survey areas by identifying remaining habitat tracts in the Barisan Mountains, particularly near historical localities, and conducting village interviews. Conduct extensive surveys establish its true range, current distribution and population, and assess its habitat requirements, threats and conservation needs. Following surveys, review whether key populations are adequately represented within the existing protected-areas network, and if not, advocate establishment of further strategic protected areas. Afford the species full protection under Indonesian Law.
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List of Conservation Actions:
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| 1.2 | Policy-based actions - Legislation (needed) |
| 3.2 | Research actions - Population numbers and range (needed) |
| 3.3 | Research actions - Biology and Ecology (needed) |
| 3.5 | Research actions - Threats (needed) |
| 3.8 | Research actions - Conservation measures (needed) |
| 3.10 | Research actions - Other (needed) |
| 4.4.4 | Habitat and site-based actions - Protected areas - Expansion (needed) |
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Bibliography
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Bibliography:
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Bird Reference Citations. The numbers inserted in the text accounts above (usually in bold) refer to references. For further details on these references, click on the BirdLife International link above to go to the specific species account on the BirdLife web site. In some cases, particularly in the taxonomic notes, the references are cited using the author names. Details for these can be found on the BirdLife International web site at the following two places:
For References from A–L.
For References from M–Z. BirdLife International. 2000. Threatened Birds of the World. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, U.K. BirdLife International. 2004 Threatened Birds of the World 2004. CD-ROM. BirdLife International, Cambridge, U.K.
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