Alouatta guariba

– Near Threatened

Taxonomy

Kingdom:	ANIMALIA
Phylum:	CHORDATA
Class:	MAMMALIA
Order:	PRIMATES
Family:	ATELIDAE
Scientific Name:	Alouatta guariba
Species Authority:	(Humboldt, 1812)
Infra-specific Taxa Assessed:	See Alouatta guariba ssp. guariba See Alouatta guariba ssp. clamitans
Synonym/s:	Alouatta fusca (É. Geoffroy, 1812)
Common Name/s:	BROWN HOWLER MONKEY (Eng) BROWN HOWLING MONKEY (Eng) SOUTHERN BROWN HOWLING MONKEY (Eng) HURLEUR BRUN (Fre) BARBADO (Spa) BUGIO (Spa) GUARIBA (Spa)
Taxonomic Notes:	Note change in family name, was in 1996 Red List as Cebidae. This was in the 1996 Red List as A. fusca, now considered to be a junior synonym of A. guariba.

Assessment Information

Red List Category & Criteria:

NT ver 3.1 (2001)

Year Assessed:

2003

Assessor/s:

Rylands, A.B., Bampi, M.I., Chiarello, A.G., da Fonseca, G.A.B., Mendes, S.L. & Marcelino, M.

Evaluator/s:

Rylands, A.B. & Mittermeier, R.A. (Primate Red List Authority)

Justification:

Alouatta guariba previously was listed as Vulnerable (VU A1c). Under the 2001 IUCN Categories and Criteria, the species does not meet the higher threshold for the Vulnerable category. It is reassessed as Near Threatened.

The species is relatively wide-ranging but subpopulations are extremely fragmented and reduced. It is maintained by the capacity of this genus to survive in very small isolated fragments. Occurs in some of the larger parks of the Serra do Mar.

History:

1982	-	Indeterminate as A. fusca (Thornback and Jenkins 1982)
1986	-	Indeterminate as A. fusca (IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre 1986)
1988	-	Indeterminate as A. fusca (IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre 1988)
1990	-	Vulnerable as A. fusca (IUCN 1990)
1994	-	Vulnerable as A. fusca (Groombridge 1994)
1996	-	Vulnerable as A. fusca (Baillie and Groombridge 1996)
2000	-	Vulnerable (Hilton-Taylor 2000)

Geographic Range

Countries:

Native:

Argentina; Brazil

Population

Population Trend:

Habitat and Ecology

Habitat and Ecology:

Found in Atlantic Forest.

System:

Terrestrial

List of Habitats:

1.6	Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland

Threats

List of Threats:

9.9	Intrinsic factors - Restricted range (ongoing)

Bibliography

Bibliography:

Baillie, J. and Groombridge, B. (compilers and editors) 1996. 1996 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.

Brandon-Jones, D. and Rylands, A.B. 1999. The scientific names of the howling monkeys, Alouatta, from the Guianas and the Atlantic forest. Neotropical Primates 7(2): 57-58.

Cortés-Ortiz, L., Bermingham, E., Rico, C., Rodríguez-Luna, E., Sampaio, I. and Ruiz-García, M. 2003. Molecular systematics and biogeography of the Neotropical monkey genus, Alouatta. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 26: 64-81.

Di Bitetti, M.S., Placci, G., Brown, A.D. and Rode, D.I. 1994. Conservation and population status of the brown howling monkey (Alouatta fusca clamitans) in Argentina. Neotropical Primates 2(4): 1-4.

Di Bitteti, M.S. and Arditi, S.I. 1993. La primatología de campo en Argentina. Neotropical Primates 1(4): 13-17.

Eisenberg, J.F. and Redford, K.H. 1999. Mammals of the Neotropics. The Central Neotropics, Volume 3: Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

Gregorim, R. 1995. Variação geográfica e taxonomia das espécies brasileiras do genêro Alouatta Lacépède, 1799 (Primates, Atelinae). MSc Dissertation, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo

Groombridge, B. (ed.) 1994. 1994 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.

Groves, C.P. 2001. The Taxonomy of Primates. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC.

Hilton-Taylor, C. (compiler). 2000. 2000 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.

Hirsch, A., Landau, E.C., Tedeschi A.C. de M. and Menegheti J.O. 1991. Estudo comparativo das espécies do gênero Alouatta Lacépède, 1799 (Platyrrhini, Atelidae) e sua distribuição geográfica na América do Sul. In: A.B. Rylands and A.T. Bernardes (eds). A Primatologia no Brasil - 3. pp. 239-262. Fundação Biodiversitas, Sociedade Brasileira de Primatologia, Belo Horizonte.

Honda, M. 2000. Geographical variation of chromosomal number in Alouatta fusca clamitans (Primates, Atelidae). Caryologia 53: 163-168.

IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre. 1986. 1986 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.

IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre. 1988. 1988 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.

IUCN. 1990. 1990 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.

IUCN. 2003. 2003 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 18 November 2003.

Neville, M.K., Glander, K.E., Braza, F. and Rylands, A.B. 1988. The howling monkeys, genus Alouatta. In: R.A. Mittermeier, A.B. Rylands, A.F. Coimbra-Filho and G.A.B. da Fonseca (eds). Ecology and Behavior of Neotropical Primates. Vol. 2. pp.349-453. World Wildlife Fund, Washington, D.C.

Oliveira, E.H.C. de, Lima, M.M.C. de, Sbalqueiro, I.J. and Pissinatti, A. 1998. The karyotype of Alouatta fusca clamitans from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Evidence for a Y-autosome translocation. Gen. Molec. Biol. 21(3): 361-364.

Santos, I.B., Mittermeier, R.A., Rylands, A.B., and Valle, C.M.C. 1987. The distribution and conservation status of primates in southern Bahia, Brazil. Primate Conservation (8), 126-42.

Thornback, J. and Jenkins, M. 1982. The IUCN Mammal Red Data Book. Part 1: Threatened mammalian taxa of the Americas and the Australasian zoogeographic region (excluding Cetacea). IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.

Citation:	Rylands, A.B., Bampi, M.I., Chiarello, A.G., da Fonseca, G.A.B., Mendes, S.L. & Marcelino, M. 2003. Alouatta guariba. In: IUCN 2007. 2007 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 06 July 2008.
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