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Strix occidentalis
– Near Threatened
Taxonomy
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Kingdom:
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ANIMALIA
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Phylum:
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CHORDATA
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Class:
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AVES
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Order:
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STRIGIFORMES
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Family:
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STRIGIDAE
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Scientific Name:
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Strix occidentalis
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Species Authority:
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(Xantus de Vesey, 1860)
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Common Name/s:
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| English | — | SPOTTED OWL |
| French | — | CHOUETTE TACHETÉE |
| Spanish | — | BÚHO MANCHADO, CÁRABO CALIFORNIANO |
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Assessment Information
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Red List Category & Criteria:
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NT ver 3.1 (2001)
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Year Assessed:
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2004
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Assessor/s:
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BirdLife International
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Evaluator/s:
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Stattersfield, A., Benstead, P. & Butchart, S. (BirdLife International Red List Authority)
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Justification:
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Nearly qualifies for listing as threatened under criteria C2a(i).
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History:
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| 1988 | - | Threatened (Collar and Andrew 1988) |
| 1994 | - | Lower Risk/near threatened (Collar, Crosby and Stattersfield 1994) |
| 2000 | - | Lower Risk/near threatened (BirdLife International 2000) |
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Geographic Range
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Range Description:
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Strix occidentalis has a population of c.15,000 individuals in four subspecies: caurina has a minimum of 3,778 pairs and 1,001 territorial individuals from south-west British Columbia, Canada, to north California, USA; the nominate has a minimum of 3,050 individuals in central and south California, USA, and (formerly) Baja California, Mexico; lucida has a minimum of 777-1,554 individuals from Utah and Colorado to Arizona, New Mexico and extreme west Texas, USA, and also occurs in Sonora, Chihuahua and Nuevo León to Jalisco, Durango, Michoacán and Guanajuanto, Mexico1,3,4,5,8; and juanaphillipsae has been recently described from the State of México2. Most populations strongly associate with old-growth conifer or oak forests3,4, but lucida also occurs in heavily logged secondary pine-oak forest, warmer and drier conditions and even bare rocky canyons5,6. Mexican populations may be stable because habitat tolerance is combined with forestry activities that typically modify rather than destroy habitat5,6. Most other populations are declining and, in some, the decline is accelerating because of clear-felling and selective logging3,7. CITES Appendix II.
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Countries:
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Native:
Canada; Mexico; United States
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Habitat and Ecology
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System:
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Terrestrial
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List of Habitats:
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| 1.5 | Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Dry |
| 1.9 | Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane |
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Threats
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List of Threats:
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| 1.3.3.2 | Habitat Loss/Degradation - Extraction - Wood - Selective logging (ongoing) |
| 1.3.3.3 | Habitat Loss/Degradation - Extraction - Wood - Clear-cutting (ongoing) |
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Bibliography
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Bibliography:
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Baillie, J. and Groombridge, B. (compilers and editors) 1996. 1996 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. Bird Reference Citations. The numbers inserted in the text accounts above (usually in bold) refer to references. For further details on these references, click on the BirdLife International link above to go to the specific species account on the BirdLife web site. In some cases, particularly in the taxonomic notes, the references are cited using the author names. Details for these can be found on the BirdLife International web site at the following two places:
For References from A–L.
For References from M–Z. BirdLife International. 2000. Threatened Birds of the World. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, U.K. BirdLife International. 2004 Threatened Birds of the World 2004. CD-ROM. BirdLife International, Cambridge, U.K. Collar, N.J. and Andrew, P. 1988. Birds to Watch. The ICBP World Checklist of Threatened Birds. ICBP Technical Publication No. 8. Page Bros. (Norwich) Ltd, Norfolk, England. Collar, N.J., Crosby, M.J. and Stattersfield, A.J. 1994. Birds to Watch 2. The World List of Threatened Birds BirdLife International. Page Bros (Norwich) Ltd, U.K. IUCN. 1990. 1990 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.
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