Arctocephalus townsendi

– Vulnerable

Taxonomy

Kingdom:

ANIMALIA

Phylum:

CHORDATA

Class:

MAMMALIA

Order:

CARNIVORA

Family:

OTARIIDAE

Scientific Name:

Arctocephalus townsendi

Species Authority:

Merriam, 1897

Common Name/s:

English	—	GUADALUPE FUR SEAL, LOWER CALIFORNIAN FUR SEAL
French	—	ARCTOCÉPHALE DE GUADALUPE, OTARIE À FOURRURE D'AMÉRIQUE
Spanish	—	OSO MARINO DE GUADALUPE

Assessment Information

Red List Category & Criteria:

VU D2 ver 2.3 (1994)

Year Assessed:

1996

Annotations:

Needs updating

Assessor/s:

Seal Specialist Group

History:

1965	-	"Very rare but believed to be stable or increasing" as A. philippii townsendi (Scott 1965)
1982	-	Vulnerable (Thornback and Jenkins 1982)
1986	-	Vulnerable (IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre 1986)
1988	-	Vulnerable (IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre 1988)
1990	-	Vulnerable (IUCN 1990)
1994	-	Vulnerable (Groombridge 1994)

Geographic Range

Countries:	Native: Mexico; United States
FAO Marine Fishing Areas:	Native: Pacific-eastern central

Population

Population Trend:

Habitat and Ecology

Habitat and Ecology:

Terrestrial breeding grounds.

System:

Terrestrial; Marine

List of Habitats:

9.1	Marine Neritic - Pelagic
12.1	Marine Intertidal - Rocky Shoreline
12.2	Marine Intertidal - Sandy Shoreline and/or Beaches, Sand Bars, Spits, Etc
13.1	Marine Coastal/Supratidal - Sea Cliffs and Rocky Offshore Islands

Threats

List of Threats:

12	Unknown (ongoing)

Bibliography

Bibliography:

Groombridge, B. (ed.) 1994. 1994 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.

IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre. 1986. 1986 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.

IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre. 1988. 1988 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.

IUCN. 1990. 1990 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.

Scott, P. (ed.) 1965. Section XIII. Preliminary List of Rare Mammals and Birds. In: The Launching of a New Ark, pp. 15–207. First Report of the President and Trustees of the World Wildlife Fund. An International Foundation for saving the world's wildlife and wild places 1961–1964. Collins, London.

Thornback, J. and Jenkins, M. 1982. The IUCN Mammal Red Data Book. Part 1: Threatened mammalian taxa of the Americas and the Australasian zoogeographic region (excluding Cetacea). IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.

Citation:	Seal Specialist Group 1996. Arctocephalus townsendi. In: IUCN 2007. 2007 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 28 August 2008.
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