Panthera tigris ssp. sumatrae
– Critically Endangered
Taxonomy
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Kingdom:
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ANIMALIA
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Phylum:
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CHORDATA
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Class:
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MAMMALIA
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Order:
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CARNIVORA
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Family:
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FELIDAE
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Scientific Name:
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Panthera tigris ssp. sumatrae
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Infra-specific Authority:
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Pocock, 1929
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Common Name/s:
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SUMATRAN TIGER (Eng)
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Assessment Information
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Red List Category & Criteria:
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CR C1+2a(i) ver 3.1 (2001)
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Year Assessed:
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1996
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Annotations:
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Needs updating
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Assessor/s:
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Cat Specialist Group
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Evaluator/s:
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Nowell, K., Breitenmoser, U., Breitenmoser, C. & Jackson, P. (Cat Red List Authority)
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Justification:
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The Sumatran tiger’s effective population size is estimated at approximately 250 mature individuals, with a declining trend, and no subpopulation estimated to contain more than 50 mature individuals.
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Geographic Range
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Range Description:
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Found only on the island of Sumatera, Indonesia.
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Countries:
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Native:
Indonesia (Sumatera)
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Population
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Population Trend:
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Habitat and Ecology
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Habitat and Ecology:
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The Sumatran tiger is found in lowland and montane rainforest on the island of Sumatera.
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System:
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Terrestrial
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List of Habitats:
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| 1.5 | Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Dry |
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Threats
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Threats:
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The Sumatran tiger has suffered from poaching, as well as loss of habitat to human settlement, and conflict with people over livestock predation (Nowell and Jackson 1996).
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List of Threats:
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| 1.1 | Habitat Loss/Degradation - Agriculture (ongoing) |
| 1.3.3 | Habitat Loss/Degradation - Extraction - Wood (ongoing) |
| 1.4.2 | Habitat Loss/Degradation - Infrastructure development - Human settlement (ongoing) |
| 3.2.3 | Harvesting (hunting/gathering) - Medicine - Regional/international trade (ongoing) |
| 3.4 | Harvesting (hunting/gathering) - Materials (ongoing) |
| 5.1 | Persecution - Pest control (ongoing) |
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Conservation Actions
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Conservation Actions:
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Included on CITES Appendix I. The major reserves for tigers on Sumatra are Gunung Leuser II in the north-west of the island; Kerinci Seblat along the south-east coast, Way Kambas II, and Berbak IV on the northern coast. Habitat within Kerinci Seblat is significantly fragmented, and tiger populations are probably also fragmented (Nowell and Jackson 1996).
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List of Conservation Actions:
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| 1.2.2.1 | Policy-based actions - Legislation - Implementation - International level (in place, needed) |
| 4.4 | Habitat and site-based actions - Protected areas (in place, needed) |
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Bibliography
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Bibliography:
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Baillie, J. and Groombridge, B. (compilers and editors) 1996. 1996 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. Cat Specialist Group. For more information, see the Specialist Group website Nowell, K. and Jackson, P. (compilers and editors) 1996. Wild Cats. Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan. IUCN/SSC Cat Specialist Group. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. (online version)
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