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Marmaronetta angustirostris
– Vulnerable
Taxonomy
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Kingdom:
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ANIMALIA
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Phylum:
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CHORDATA
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Class:
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AVES
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Order:
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ANSERIFORMES
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Family:
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ANATIDAE
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Scientific Name:
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Marmaronetta angustirostris
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Species Authority:
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(Ménétriés, 1832)
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Common Name/s:
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| English | — | MARBLED TEAL |
| French | — | SARCELLE MARBRÉE |
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Assessment Information
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Red List Category & Criteria:
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VU A2cd+3cd ver 3.1 (2001)
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Year Assessed:
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2006
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Assessor/s:
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BirdLife International
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Evaluator/s:
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Butchart, S., Callaghan, D., Peet, N. & Temple, H. (BirdLife International Red List Authority)
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Justification:
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This species appears to have suffered a rapid population decline, evidenced in its core wintering range, as a result of widespread and extensive habitat destruction. It therefore qualifies as Vulnerable. However, data are scarce and some birds may have relocated to alternative wintering sites. Apparent increases in the western Mediterranean population probably reflect improved observer coverage rather than genuine changes. This population has suffered a long-term decline and widespread loss of habitat.
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History:
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| 1988 | - | Threatened (Collar and Andrew 1988) |
| 1994 | - | Vulnerable (Collar, Crosby and Stattersfield 1994) |
| 2000 | - | Vulnerable (BirdLife International 2000) |
| 2004 | - | Vulnerable (BirdLife International 2004) |
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Geographic Range
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Range Description:
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Marmaronetta angustirostris has a fragmented distribution in the western Mediterranean (Spain, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, wintering in north and sub-Saharan west Africa), the eastern Mediterranean (Turkey, Israel, Jordan, Syria, wintering south to Egypt) and western and southern Asia (Azerbaijan, Armenia, Russia, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India and China, wintering in Iran, Pakistan and north-west India). Prior to 1991, the estimated population was 34,000-40,000 birds. Although count data are poor, a more recent estimate of 14,000-26,000 birds indicates a rapid population decline. Numbers wintering in Iran have fallen from 25,000-30,000 (1985-1992) to c.5,000 in 1993 and c.3,700 in 19952. Estimates of a wintering population of 3,000 birds in 19974 and a count of 4,250 in Tunisia in 19991, suggest the western Mediterranean population is larger than previously thought.
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Range Map:
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 (click for detailed map)
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Countries:
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Native:
Afghanistan; Algeria; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Chad; China; Egypt; India; Iran, Islamic Republic of; Iraq; Israel; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Mali; Morocco; Nigeria; Pakistan; Russian Federation; Senegal; Spain; Syrian Arab Republic; Tajikistan; Tunisia; Turkey; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan
Vagrant:
Albania; Bahrain; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Cameroon; Czech Republic; France; Germany; Hungary; Italy; Kuwait; Lebanon; Malta; Oman; Portugal; Qatar; Romania; Saudi Arabia; United Arab Emirates
Regionally extinct:
Cape Verde; Cyprus; Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of
Uncertain presence and origin:
Bulgaria; Burkina Faso; Georgia; Greece
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Population
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Population Trend:
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Habitat and Ecology
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Habitat and Ecology:
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It is adapted to temporary wetlands3, favouring brackish waters rich in emergent vegetation. It exhibits large population fluctuations, partly in response to annual variations in rainfall and is capable of dispersal movements in search of suitable habitat. It is less dependent on invertebrates and relies more on small seeds (especially Ruppia) than other north-temperate ducks6.
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System:
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Freshwater
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Threats
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Threats:
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Over 50% of suitable habitat may have been destroyed during the 20th century. Wetland drainage for agriculture occurs across its range, most significantly in Iraq. Hydrological work has severely affected breeding sites in Tunisia, Turkey, Morocco and Spain. Reed-cutting, reed-burning and grazing commonly reduce the amount of habitat for nesting. Pollution from agricultural, industrial and domestic sources is a threat at many sites. When breeding, it is vulnerable to shooting and egg collection. Further mortality results from birds caught in nets and lead poisoning.
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Conservation Actions
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Conservation Actions:
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Conservation measures underway:
CMS Appendix I and II. It is legally protected in Bulgaria, Israel, Morocco, Spain, Russia, Tunisia and Turkey. Conservation programmes have been carried out in Spain. Survey and research projects have been carried out in Morocco and Turkey. A European action plan was published in 1996.
Conservation measures proposed:
Conduct regular surveys and monitoring. Research its ecology. Protect habitat at all sites regularly holding the species. Prevent mortality from causes other than hunting. Increase public awareness.
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