Macromia splendens

– Vulnerable

Taxonomy

Kingdom:

ANIMALIA

Phylum:

ARTHROPODA

Class:

INSECTA

Order:

ODONATA

Family:

CORDULIIDAE

Scientific Name:

Macromia splendens

Species Authority:

(Pictet, 1843)

Common Name/s:

English

—

SHINING MACROMIA DRAGONFLY

Assessment Information

Red List Category & Criteria:

VU A2ac+3c ver 3.1 (2001)

Year Assessed:

2006

Assessor/s:

Boudot, J.-P.

Evaluator/s:

Clausnitzer, V. & Suhling, F. (Odonata Red List Authority)

Justification:

This emblematic species is rare and is difficult to find. However, new findings (Cordero Rivera 2000, Malkmus 2002) show that it is less rare than previously believed. The species shows a disjoint distribution with the largest populations in southern France and northwest Iberia. Only single specimens are known out of these two distribution centres. The whole area inhabited by this species reach about 653,000 km². The two main distribution centres cover about 92,000 km² in France and 57,000 km² in Iberia (Galicia, Portugal). Although flourishing populations occur, partly due to the construction of hydroelectric dams, which seem to support good populations when they are elongated and look like large rivers, a general degradation of water quality is noted almost anywhere. This species apparently disappears early facing water pollution. It has not been found again in some localities during the last decade so that a decrease of 30% is suspected to have occurred and this is expected to continue in the future. The dramatic drought of which Iberia now suffers repeatedly, which convert river barrage in lakes-like habitats, will inevitably lead to the reduction of many populations in this area in the next decade.

History:

1983	-	Rare (Wells et al. 1983)
1986	-	Vulnerable (IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre 1986)
1988	-	Rare (IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre 1988)
1990	-	Rare (IUCN 1990)
1994	-	Rare (Groombridge 1994)
1996	-	Vulnerable (Baillie and Groombridge)

Geographic Range

Range Description:	Endemic to southwest France and the Iberian Peninsula.
Countries:	Native: France; Portugal; Spain

Population

Population:	Known with certainty from 14 departments in France, but presently only in 12.. Not uncommon in only four departments. In Spain flourishing populations are known in Galicia and North Portugal. Otherwise scattered in single places and low numbers over almost the whole Iberian Peninsula.
Population Trend:

Habitat and Ecology

Habitat and Ecology:

Slow flowing streams, even when induced by hydro-electric dams

System:

Terrestrial; Freshwater

List of Habitats:

5.1	Wetlands (inland) - Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls)
15.1	Artificial/Aquatic - Water Storage Areas (over 8ha)

Threats

Threats:

Water pollution. Drought.

List of Threats:

1	Habitat Loss/Degradation (human induced) (ongoing)
6.1.1	Pollution (affecting habitat and/or species) - Atmospheric pollution - Global warming/oceanic warming (future)
6.3	Pollution (affecting habitat and/or species) - Water pollution (ongoing)
7.1	Natural disasters - Drought (future)

Conservation Actions

Conservation Actions:

Control of water pollution is needed.

List of Conservation Actions:

4.1	Habitat and site-based actions - Maintenance/Conservation (needed)

Bibliography

Bibliography:

Agüero-Pelegrín M., Herrera-Grao A.F. and Ferreras-Romero M. 1998. Plecópteros y odonatos de la parte superior de la cuenca del río Hozgarganta. Almoraima 19: 241–248

Baillie, J. and Groombridge, B. (compilers and editors) 1996. 1996 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.

Benitez-Donoso, A. 1990. Los Odonatos de Extremadura. Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad de Oviedo

Benitez-Donoso, A. and García Parrón, M.J. 1989. Datos sobre la biología de algunos Anisópteros en la Península Ibérica (Odonata, Anisoptera). Bol. Asoc. esp. Entom. 13: 195–200.

Brugière, D. 2000. Du nouveau sur Macromia splendens (Pictet, 1843) en Lozère. Martinia 16(1): 8.

Chelmick, D.G. and Mitchell, P. 1996. Macromia splendens (Pictet) in Portugal (Anisoptera: Cordulidae). Notul. odonatol. 4(7): 121–122.

Cordero Rivera A. 2000. Distribution, habitat requirements and conservation of Macromia splendens Pictet (Odonata: Corduliidae) in Galicia (NW Spain). International Journal of Odonatology. 3 (1): 73–83.

Cordero Rivera, A. 1997. Evaluacion de las poblaciones gallegas de Macromia splendens (Insecta: Odonata). Informe finale. Universidade de Vigo

Cordero Rivera, A., Utzeri, C. and Santolamazza Carbone, S. 1999. Emergence and adult behaviour of Macromia splendens (Pictet) in Galicia, northwestern Spain (Anisoptera: Corduliidae). Odonatologica 28(4): 333–342.

DeVisscher, M.N. and Balança, G. 1991. Nouvelles observations de Macromia splendens (Pictet, 1843) et de Cordulegaster bidentata Sélys, 1843 (Odonata: Corduliidae et Cordulegastridae). Martinia 7(1): 3–15.

DeVisscher, M.N. and Balança, G. 1993. Le peuplement odonatologique de la vallée de l'Hérault. Martinia 9(1): 3–15.

Dommanget J.L. 2002. Inventaire cartographique des Odonates de France (Programme INVOD). Bilan 1982–2000. Martinia, 18, Suppl. 1

Dommanget, J.L. 2001. Etude de Macromia splendens (Pictet, 1843) dans la vallée du Tarn (Tarn, Aveyron) et statut national de l’espèce (Odonata, Anisoptera, Macromiidae). Ministère de l’Aménagement du Territoire et de l’Environnement / SFO

Ferreras Romero, M. 1983. Nueva cita para España de Macromia splendens (Pictet, 1843) (Odon. Corduliidae). Bol. Asoc. esp. Entom. 6: 395.

Grand, D. 1988. Confirmation de la présence dans le Gard (30) et l’Hérault (34) de Macromia splendens (Pictet,1843) (Odonata, Anisoptera: Corduliidae). Martinia 4(4): 97–101.

Grand, D. 2002. Sur la distribution de Macromia splendens (Pictet, 1843) en région méditerranéenne française: complément et synthèse. In: J.-P. Boudot and J.-L. Dommanget (eds) Actes des premières et secondes rencontres odonatologiques de France. Martinia, numéro hors série 4: 17–22.

Grand, D. and Dommanget, J.-L. 1996. Macromia splendens (Pictet, 1843). In: P.J. van Helsdingen, L. Willemse & M.C.D. Speight (eds). Background information on invertebrates of the Habitats Directive and the Bern Convention. Part II – Mantodea, Odonata, Orthoptera and Arachnida. pp: 315–323. Council of Europe Publishing, Strasbourg.

Groombridge, B. (ed.) 1994. 1994 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.

IUCN. 1990. 1990 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.

Jourdain, B. 2004. Découverte de Macromia splendens (Pictet, 1843) en Gironde (Odonata, Anisoptera, Macromiidae). Martinia 20(4): 194–196.

Jödicke R. (ed.). 1996. Studies on Iberian Dragonflies. Advances in Odonatology, suppl. 1.

Leipelt, K.G. and Suhling, F. 2005. Larval biology, life cycle and habitat requirements of Macromia splendens, revisited (Odonata: Macromiidae). International Journal of Odonatology 8(1): 33–44.

Leipelt, K.G., Jökel, I., Schrimpf, T., Schütte, C. and Suhling, F. 1999. Untersuchungen zur Habitatwahl der Larven von Macromia splendens (Pictet) (Anisoptera: Macromiidae). Libellula 18: 15–30.

Leipelt, K.G., Schütte, C. and Suhling, F. 2001. Neue daten zur Larvalökologie von Macromia splendens (Odonata: Macromiidae). Libellula 20: 1–11.

Malkmus, R. 2002. Die Verbreitung der Libellen Portugals, Madeiras and der Azoren. Nachr. Naturwiss. Mus. Aschaffenburg 106: 117–143.

Malkmus, R. 2002. Weitere Funde von Macromia splendens (Pictet) in Portugal (Anisoptera: Corduliidae). Nachrichten des naturwissenschaftlichen Museums Aschaffenburg 106: 144–147.

Navás, L. 1923. Excursions entomologiques de l'istiu de 1922 (26 de juny-26 de julio). Arxius Inst. Cienc. Barcelona 8: 1–34.

Navás, L. 1924. Sinopsis de los Paraneurópteros (Odonatos) de la Península Ibérica. Sociedad Entomológica de España, Zaragoza.

Schütte, C. and Suhling, F. 1997. Beobachtungen zum Fortpflanzungsverhalten von Macromia splendens (Pictet) (Anisoptera: Corduliidae). Libellula 16: 81–84.

Tiberghien, G. 1985. Macromia splendens (Pictet, 1843): Additions faunistiques, biologiques, et récapitulation des principales données connues. Bull. Soc. Ent. France 90: 8–13.

Vanappelghem, C. and Fernandez, E. 2003. Nouvelle localité pour Macromia splendens (Pictet, 1843) au Portugal (Odonata, Anisoptera, Macromiidae). Martinia 19(2): 65–67.

Citation:	Boudot, J.-P. 2006. Macromia splendens. In: IUCN 2007. 2007 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 28 August 2008.
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