Loris tardigradus
– Endangered
Taxonomy
Assessment Information
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Red List Category & Criteria:
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EN A2cd+4cd ver 3.1 (2001)
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Year Assessed:
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2004
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Assessor/s:
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Participants of CBSG CAMP workshop: Status of South Asian Primates (March 2002)
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Evaluator/s:
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Brandon-Jones, D., Dittus, W., Eudey, A., Watson, A. & Mittermeier, R. (Primate Red List Authority)
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Justification:
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Loris tardigradus previously was listed as Vulnerable. Improved information since then has resulted in the species being reassessed as Endangered.
The species includes two subspecies. L. t. tardigradus and L. t. nycticeboides. Both subspecies are also assessed as Endangered. Habitat fragmentation over the years has depleted the area available for this dry-zone species. From 1956–1993 Sri Lanka lost more than 50% of forest cover to human activities, followed by a similar rate of decline in the remaining forest cover between 1994 and 2003. Correlating loss of habitat to populations, rate of decline in population is inferred at more than 50% over three generations. Also due to continuing trends past and predicted declines could reduce the population by more than 50% within the next 11 to 22 years due to continuing decline in area, extent and quality of habitat along with actual and potential levels of exploitation of the species observed in the wild.
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History:
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| 1996 | - | Vulnerable (Baillie and Groombridge 1996) |
| 2000 | - | Vulnerable (Hilton-Taylor 2000) |
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Geographic Range
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Countries:
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Native:
Sri Lanka
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Population
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Population Trend:
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Habitat and Ecology
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System:
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Terrestrial
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List of Habitats:
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| 1.6 | Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland |
| 1.8 | Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Swamp |
| 1.9 | Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane |
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Threats
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List of Threats:
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| 1.1.1 | Habitat Loss/Degradation - Agriculture - Crops (ongoing) |
| 1.1.4 | Habitat Loss/Degradation - Agriculture - Livestock (ongoing) |
| 1.3.3.3 | Habitat Loss/Degradation - Extraction - Wood - Clear-cutting (ongoing) |
| 1.4 | Habitat Loss/Degradation - Infrastructure development (ongoing) |
| 6.2 | Pollution (affecting habitat and/or species) - Land pollution (ongoing) |
| 6.3 | Pollution (affecting habitat and/or species) - Water pollution (ongoing) |
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Conservation Actions
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List of Conservation Actions:
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| 1.2.1.1 | Policy-based actions - Legislation - Development - International level (in place) |
| 1.2.1.2 | Policy-based actions - Legislation - Development - National level (in place) |
| 1.2.2.1 | Policy-based actions - Legislation - Implementation - International level (in place) |
| 1.2.2.2 | Policy-based actions - Legislation - Implementation - National level (in place) |
| 1.3 | Policy-based actions - Community management (needed) |
| 2.1 | Communication and Education - Formal education (needed) |
| 2.2 | Communication and Education - Awareness (needed) |
| 3.1 | Research actions - Taxonomy (needed) |
| 3.2 | Research actions - Population numbers and range (needed) |
| 3.3 | Research actions - Biology and Ecology (needed) |
| 3.6 | Research actions - Uses and harvest levels (needed) |
| 3.9 | Research actions - Trends/Monitoring (needed) |
| 4.1 | Habitat and site-based actions - Maintenance/Conservation (needed) |
| 4.4 | Habitat and site-based actions - Protected areas (in place) |
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Bibliography
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Bibliography:
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Baillie, J. and Groombridge, B. (compilers and editors) 1996. 1996 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. Hilton-Taylor, C. (compiler). 2000. 2000 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. Mace, G.M. and Balmford, A. 2000. Patterns and processes in contemporary mammalian extinction. In: A. Entwhistle and N. Dunstone (eds) Priorities for the Conservation of Mammalian Diversity. Has the Panda had its day?, pp. 27-52. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
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