Leontopithecus rosalia

– Endangered

Taxonomy

Kingdom:

ANIMALIA

Phylum:

CHORDATA

Class:

MAMMALIA

Order:

PRIMATES

Family:

CALLITRICHIDAE

Scientific Name:

Leontopithecus rosalia

Species Authority:

(Linnaeus, 1766)

Common Name/s:

English	—	GOLDEN LION TAMARIN
French	—	SINGE-LION, TAMARIN SOYEUX
Spanish	—	MICO-LEÃO-DOURADO, SAUÍ-PIRANGA

Assessment Information

Red List Category & Criteria:

EN C2a(i) ver 3.1 (2001)

Year Assessed:

2003

Assessor/s:

Rylands, A.B., Bampi, M.I., Chiarello, A.G., da Fonseca, G.A.B., Mendes, S.L. & Marcelino, M.

Evaluator/s:

Rylands, A.B. & Mittermeier, R.A. (Primate Red List Authority)

Justification:

Leontopithecus rosalia was assessed as Critically Endangered in 1996 and 2000. It has now been downgraded to Endangered as a result of nearly thirty years of conservation efforts, including the establishment of a new population through translocation to a new protected area, the União Biological Reserve.

The population is now estimated to be more than 1,000. One-third of the population arises from a reintroduction programme, management of the Poço das Antas Biological Reserve, and a stable, managed population is held in captivity at about 490 animals. There is little room for expansion for the wild population, however, considering the extreme fragmentation and reduced forest cover within its range. Current and future conservation efforts are attacking this problem with reforestation and the establishment of corridors

The species has a restricted range and small subpopulations principally in three small forests.

History:

1982	-	Endangered (Thornback and Jenkins 1982)
1986	-	Endangered (IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre 1986)
1988	-	Endangered (IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre 1988)
1990	-	Endangered (IUCN 1990)
1994	-	Endangered (Groombridge 1994)
1996	-	Critically Endangered (Baillie and Groombridge 1996)
2000	-	Critically Endangered (Hilton-Taylor 2000)

Geographic Range

Countries:

Native:

Brazil

Population

Population Trend:

Habitat and Ecology

Habitat and Ecology:

Occurs in Atlantic Forest.

System:

Terrestrial

List of Habitats:

1.6	Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland

Threats

List of Threats:

1.3.3	Habitat Loss/Degradation - Extraction - Wood (past, present)
3	Harvesting (hunting/gathering) (past)

Bibliography

Bibliography:

Baillie, J. and Groombridge, B. (compilers and editors) 1996. 1996 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.

Coimbra-Filho, A.F. and Mittermeier, R.A. 1972. Taxonomy of the genus Leontopithecus Lesson , 1840. In: D.D. Bridgwater (ed.). Saving the Lion Marmoset. pp. 7-22. Wild Animal Propagation Trust, Wheeling, West Virginia.

Coimbra-Filho, A.F. and Mittermeier, R.A. 1973. Distribution and ecology of the genus Leontopithecus Lesson, 1840 in Brazil. Primates 14(1): 47-66.

Della Serra, O. 1951. Divisão do gênero Leontocebus (Macacos, Platyrrhini) em dois subgêneros sob bases de caracteres dento-morfológicos. Pap. Avulsos São Paulo 10(8): 147-154.

Eisenberg, J.F. and Redford, K.H. 1999. Mammals of the Neotropics. The Central Neotropics, Volume 3: Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

Forman, L., Kleiman, D.G., Bush, R.M., Dietz, J.M., Ballou, J.D., Phillips, L.G., Coimbra-Filho, A.F. and O’Brien, S.J. 1986. Genetic variation within and among lion tamarins. American Journal of Physiological Anthropology 71: 1-11.

Groombridge, B. (ed.) 1994. 1994 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.

Groves, C.P. 2001. The Taxonomy of Primates. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC.

Hershkovitz, P. 1977. Living New World Monkeys (Platyrrhini) with an Introduction to Primates, Vol. 1. Chicago University Press, Chicago.

Hilton-Taylor, C. (compiler). 2000. 2000 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.

IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre. 1986. 1986 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.

IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre. 1988. 1988 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.

IUCN. 1990. 1990 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.

IUCN. 2003. 2003 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 18 November 2003.

Kleiman, D.G. and Rylands, A.B. (eds). 2002. Lion Tamarins: Biology and Conservation. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC.

Mittermeier, R.A. and Coimbra-Filho, A.F. 1981. Systematics: Species and subspecies. In: A.F. Coimbra-Filho and R.A. Mittermeier (eds). Ecology and Behavior of Neotropical Primates, Vol. 1. pp.29-111. Academia Brasileira de Ciências, Rio de Janeiro.

Mittermeier, R.A., Rylands, A.B. and Coimbra-Filho, A.F. 1988. Systematics: species and subspecies - an update. In: R.A. Mittermeier, A.B. Rylands, A.F. Coimbra-Filho and G.A.B. da Fonseca (eds) Ecology and Behavior of Neotropical Primates, Vol. 2. pp.13-75. World Wildlife Fund, Washington, D.C.

Natori, M. 1989. An analysis of cladistic relationships of Leontopithecus based on dental and cranial characters. J. Anthropol. Soc. Nippon 97(2): 157-167.

Rosenberger, A.L. and Coimbra-Filho, A.F. 1984. Morphology, taxonomic status and affinities of the lion tamarins, Leontopithecus (Callitrichinae, Cebidae). Folia Primatol. 42: 149-179

Rylands, A.B, Kierulff, M.C.M. and Pinto, L.P. de S. 2002. Distribution and status of the lion tamarins. In: Lion Tamarins: D.G. Kleiman and A.B. Rylands (eds). Biology and Conservation. pp.42-70. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC.

Rylands, A.B., Coimbra-Filho, A.F. and Mittermeier, R.A. 1993. Systematics, distributions, and some notes on the conservation status of the Callitrichidae. In: A.B. Rylands (ed.). Marmosets and Tamarins: Systematics, Behaviour and Ecology pp.11-77. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

Seuánez, H.N., Forman, L. and Alves, G. 1988. Comparative chromosome morphology in three callitrichid genera: Cebuella, Callithrix and Leontopithecus. J. Hered. 79: 418-424.

Thornback, J. and Jenkins, M. 1982. The IUCN Mammal Red Data Book. Part 1: Threatened mammalian taxa of the Americas and the Australasian zoogeographic region (excluding Cetacea). IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.

Citation:	Rylands, A.B., Bampi, M.I., Chiarello, A.G., da Fonseca, G.A.B., Mendes, S.L. & Marcelino, M. 2003. Leontopithecus rosalia. In: IUCN 2007. 2007 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 28 August 2008.
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