Cirrhigaleus asper

Taxonomy

Assessment Information

Geographic Range

Population

Habitat and Ecology

Threats

Conservation Actions

Bibliography

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Taxonomy [top]

Kingdom	Phylum	Class	Order	Family
ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	CHONDRICHTHYES	SQUALIFORMES	SQUALIDAE

Scientific Name:

Cirrhigaleus asper

Species Authority:

(Merrett, 1973)

Common Name/s:

English	–	Roughskin Dogfish, Roughskin Spiny Dogfish, Roughskin Spurdog
French	–	Aiguillat À Peau Rugueuse
Spanish	–	Galludo Raspa

Synonym/s:

Squalus asper Merrett, 1973

Assessment Information [top]

Red List Category & Criteria:	Data Deficient ver 3.1
Year Published:	2006
Assessor/s:	Herndon, A.P. & Burgess, G.H.
Reviewer/s:	Kyne, P.M., Heupel, M.R., Simpfendorfer, C.A. & Cavanagh, R.D. (Shark Red List Authority)
Contributor/s:
Justification: A widespread dogfish of the outer continental shelves, upper and insular slopes at depths of 73 to 600 m. The presently known disjunct range in many ocean regions suggests that it is more widely distributed than currently recorded. Relatively common where it occurs off the Atlantic coast of the USA, but reported as rare to uncommon elsewhere. Reaches a maximum size of 118 cm total length and produces a relatively large litter size of 18 to 22 pups, but probably has a long gestation period like that of other squalid and deepwater sharks. Probably occurs as a bycatch in various demersal trawl and line fisheries throughout its range, although details are lacking and this species cannot be assessed beyond Data Deficient at the present time. Where taken, catches require monitoring, particularly as deepwater fisheries expand worldwide.

Geographic Range [top]

Range Description:	May be more widespread than presently documented. As well as those localities it has been documented from, Myagkov and Kondyurin (1986) suggested that it is also found off the east and west coasts of India and on ridges and seamounts in the Indian and South Atlantic. However, without exact locality data these records are not properly documented (Compagno in prep. a).
Countries:	Native: Brazil; Comoros; Mexico (Campeche, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz); Mozambique; Réunion; South Africa (Eastern Cape Province, KwaZulu-Natal); United States (Florida, Georgia, Hawaiian Is., North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas)
FAO Marine Fishing Areas:	Present - origin uncertain: Atlantic – southeast; Atlantic – southwest; Atlantic – western central; Indian Ocean – eastern; Indian Ocean – western; Pacific – eastern central
Range Map:	Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.

Population [top]

Population:	Relatively common where it occurs off the Atlantic coast of the USA, but reported as rare to uncommon elsewhere (Robins et al. 1991, Compagno in prep. a).
Population Trend:	Unknown

Habitat and Ecology [top]

Habitat and Ecology:	Associated with outer continental shelves and upper continental and insular slopes of warm temperate to tropical seas. Wide bathymetric range from 73 to 600 m, which includes records from off bays and river mouths in South Africa. Biology is poorly known, although it is reported as being aplacental yolksac viviparous with a litter size of 18 to 22 young (Compagno in prep. a), but probably has a long gestation period like that of other squalid and deepwater sharks. Life history parameters Age at maturity (years): Unknown. Size at maturity (total length): Female: 89 to 118 cm TL (Compagno in prep. a); Male: 85 to 90 cm TL (Compagno in prep. a). Longevity (years): Unknown. Maximum size (total length): Female: 118 cm TL (Compagno in prep. a). Size at birth: 25 to 28 cm TL (Compagno in prep. a). Average reproductive age (years): Unknown. Gestation time (months): Unknown. Reproductive periodicity: Unknown. Average annual fecundity or litter size: 18 to 22 pups (Compagno in prep. a). Annual rate of population increase: Unknown. Natural mortality: Unknown.
Systems:	Marine

Habitat and Ecology:

Associated with outer continental shelves and upper continental and insular slopes of warm temperate to tropical seas. Wide bathymetric range from 73 to 600 m, which includes records from off bays and river mouths in South Africa. Biology is poorly known, although it is reported as being aplacental yolksac viviparous with a litter size of 18 to 22 young (Compagno in prep. a), but probably has a long gestation period like that of other squalid and deepwater sharks.

Life history parameters
Age at maturity (years): Unknown.
Size at maturity (total length): Female: 89 to 118 cm TL (Compagno in prep. a); Male: 85 to 90 cm TL (Compagno in prep. a).
Longevity (years): Unknown.
Maximum size (total length): Female: 118 cm TL (Compagno in prep. a).
Size at birth: 25 to 28 cm TL (Compagno in prep. a).
Average reproductive age (years): Unknown.
Gestation time (months): Unknown.
Reproductive periodicity: Unknown.
Average annual fecundity or litter size: 18 to 22 pups (Compagno in prep. a).
Annual rate of population increase: Unknown.
Natural mortality: Unknown.

Systems:

Marine

Threats [top]

Major Threat(s):	Compagno (in prep. a) reports that this species is probably taken as bycatch in demersal trawl and deepwater longline fisheries in some parts of its range, including in the Western Atlantic and Western Indian Oceans. Though, like the bycatch of most other deepwater chondrichthyans, specific data is not available. Also reported to be occasionally caught by inshore line fisheries in the Eastern Cape, South Africa (Compagno in prep. a).

Major Threat(s):

Compagno (in prep. a) reports that this species is probably taken as bycatch in demersal trawl and deepwater longline fisheries in some parts of its range, including in the Western Atlantic and Western Indian Oceans. Though, like the bycatch of most other deepwater chondrichthyans, specific data is not available. Also reported to be occasionally caught by inshore line fisheries in the Eastern Cape, South Africa (Compagno in prep. a).

Conservation Actions [top]

Conservation Actions:	No current conservation actions are in place. Like many deeper water species more information on biology, ecology and importance in fisheries are required to further assess status and any future conservation needs. Where taken, catches require monitoring, particularly as deepwater fisheries expand worldwide.

Conservation Actions:

No current conservation actions are in place.

Like many deeper water species more information on biology, ecology and importance in fisheries are required to further assess status and any future conservation needs. Where taken, catches require monitoring, particularly as deepwater fisheries expand worldwide.

Bibliography [top]

	Compagno, L.J.V. In prep. a. Sharks of the World. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the shark species known to date. Volume 1. (Hexanchiformes, Squaliformes, Squatiniformes and Pristiophoriformes). FAO Species Catalogue for Fisheries Purposes No. 1, Vol.1. FAO, Rome. Fricke, R. 1999. Fishes of the Mascarene Islands (Réunion, Mauritius, Rodriguez): an annotated checklist, with descriptions of new species. Theses Zoology, Königstein, Germany. IUCN. 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 04 May 2006. IUCN SSC Shark Specialist Group. Specialist Group website. Available at: http://www.iucnssg.org/. Merrett, N.R. 1973. A new shark of the genus Squalus (Squalidae: Squaloidea) from the equatorial western Indian Ocean; with notes on Squalus blainvillei. Journal of Zoology (London) 171(1): 93–110. Myagkov, N.A. and Kondyurin, V.V. 1986. Spiny dogfishes, Squalus (Squalidae), of the Atlantic Ocean and comparative notes on the species of this genus from other regions. Journal of Ichthyology 26(6):1–18. Robins, C.R., Bailey, R.M., Bond, C.E., Brooker, J.R., Lachner, E.A., Lea, R.N. and Scott, W.B. 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Rohde, F.C., Ross, S.W., Epperly, S.P. and Burgess, G.H. 1995. Fishes new or rare to the Atlantic seaboard of the United States. Brimleyana 23: 53–64.

Compagno, L.J.V. In prep. a. Sharks of the World. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the shark species known to date. Volume 1. (Hexanchiformes, Squaliformes, Squatiniformes and Pristiophoriformes). FAO Species Catalogue for Fisheries Purposes No. 1, Vol.1. FAO, Rome.

Fricke, R. 1999. Fishes of the Mascarene Islands (Réunion, Mauritius, Rodriguez): an annotated checklist, with descriptions of new species. Theses Zoology, Königstein, Germany.

IUCN. 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 04 May 2006.

IUCN SSC Shark Specialist Group. Specialist Group website. Available at: http://www.iucnssg.org/.

Merrett, N.R. 1973. A new shark of the genus Squalus (Squalidae: Squaloidea) from the equatorial western Indian Ocean; with notes on Squalus blainvillei. Journal of Zoology (London) 171(1): 93–110.

Myagkov, N.A. and Kondyurin, V.V. 1986. Spiny dogfishes, Squalus (Squalidae), of the Atlantic Ocean and comparative notes on the species of this genus from other regions. Journal of Ichthyology 26(6):1–18.

Robins, C.R., Bailey, R.M., Bond, C.E., Brooker, J.R., Lachner, E.A., Lea, R.N. and Scott, W.B. 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada.

Rohde, F.C., Ross, S.W., Epperly, S.P. and Burgess, G.H. 1995. Fishes new or rare to the Atlantic seaboard of the United States. Brimleyana 23: 53–64.

Citation:	Herndon, A.P. & Burgess, G.H. 2006. Cirrhigaleus asper. In: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 19 June 2013.
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