Phyllobates vittatus

Taxonomy

Assessment Information

Geographic Range

Population

Habitat and Ecology

Threats

Conservation Actions

Bibliography

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Taxonomy [top]

Kingdom	Phylum	Class	Order	Family
ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	AMPHIBIA	ANURA	DENDROBATIDAE

Scientific Name:

Phyllobates vittatus

Species Authority:

(Cope, 1893)

Common Name/s:

English

–

Golfodulcean Poison Frog

Assessment Information [top]

Red List Category & Criteria:	Endangered B1ab(iii) ver 3.1
Year Published:	2004
Assessor/s:	Frank Solís, Roberto Ibáñez, Gerardo Chaves, Jay Savage, César Jaramillo, Querube Fuenmayor, Federico Bolaños
Reviewer/s:	Global Amphibian Assessment Coordinating Team (Simon Stuart, Janice Chanson, Neil Cox and Bruce Young)
Contributor/s:
Justification: Listed as Endangered because its Extent of Occurrence is less than 5,000 km2, its distribution is severely fragmented, and there is continuing decline in the extent and quality of its habitat in Costa Rica.

Geographic Range [top]

Range Description:	This species is known from the lowlands of the Golfo Dulce region of south-western Costa Rica, from 20-550m asl (Savage 2002), and has recently been recorded from close to the city of Dominical in the Provincia de Puntarenas of Costa Rica (Ryan 2002). It is expected to occur in parts of immediately adjacent south-western Panama.
Countries:	Native: Costa Rica
Range Map:	Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.

Population [top]

Population:	This species is moderately common and regularly recorded (although extremely rare in Dominical, Costa Rica).
Population Trend:	Decreasing

Habitat and Ecology [top]

Habitat and Ecology:	This is a diurnal, terrestrial species associated with streams in primary lowland moist and wet forests. Eggs are usually deposited on leaves above the ground; the male carries hatching larvae to small pools to complete their development (Savage 2002).
Systems:	Terrestrial; Freshwater

Threats [top]

Major Threat(s):	This species is threatened by forest clearance for agricultural land and tree plantations. Water pollution caused by contamination from gold mining activities is also a threat, as is potential over-collection of adults for the pet trade.

Major Threat(s):

This species is threatened by forest clearance for agricultural land and tree plantations. Water pollution caused by contamination from gold mining activities is also a threat, as is potential over-collection of adults for the pet trade.

Conservation Actions [top]

Conservation Actions:	Most of the species' range is in three protected areas in Costa Rica, including Parque Nacional Corcavado. There is a need for strengthened management of these sites, and expanded protection to include other remnant forest patches in Costa Rica. Management practices that could allow a commercial, sustainable harvest of this species for the pet trade should be investigated. It is listed on CITES Appendix II.

Conservation Actions:

Most of the species' range is in three protected areas in Costa Rica, including Parque Nacional Corcavado. There is a need for strengthened management of these sites, and expanded protection to include other remnant forest patches in Costa Rica. Management practices that could allow a commercial, sustainable harvest of this species for the pet trade should be investigated. It is listed on CITES Appendix II.

Bibliography [top]

	IUCN. 2004. 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 23 November 2004. Ryan, M. 2002. Geographic distribution: Phyllobates vittatus. Herpetological Review: 318. Savage, J.M. 1968. The dendrobatid frogs of central America. Copeia: 745-776. Savage, J.M. 1976. A preliminary handlist of the herpetofauna of Costa Rica. 2nd edition. Editorial de la Universidad de Costa Rica, San José. Savage, J.M. 2002. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Costa Rica: A Herpetofauna between two Continents, between two Seas. University of Chicago Press, Chicago. Silverstone, P.A. 1976. A revision of the poison arrow frogs of the genus Phyllobates Bibron in Sagra (Family Dendrobatidae). Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Science Bulletin: 1-53. Weygoldt, P. 1987. Evolution of parental care in dart poison frogs (Amphibia: Anura: Dendrobatidae). Zeitschrift für zoologische Systematik und Evolutionsforschung: 51-67. Zimmermann, H. 1982. Durch Nachzucht erhalten: Blattsteigerfrosche Phyllobates vittatus and P. lugubris. Aquarien Magazin: 109-112.

IUCN. 2004. 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 23 November 2004.

Ryan, M. 2002. Geographic distribution: Phyllobates vittatus. Herpetological Review: 318.

Savage, J.M. 1968. The dendrobatid frogs of central America. Copeia: 745-776.

Savage, J.M. 1976. A preliminary handlist of the herpetofauna of Costa Rica. 2nd edition. Editorial de la Universidad de Costa Rica, San José.

Savage, J.M. 2002. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Costa Rica: A Herpetofauna between two Continents, between two Seas. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

Silverstone, P.A. 1976. A revision of the poison arrow frogs of the genus Phyllobates Bibron in Sagra (Family Dendrobatidae). Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Science Bulletin: 1-53.

Weygoldt, P. 1987. Evolution of parental care in dart poison frogs (Amphibia: Anura: Dendrobatidae). Zeitschrift für zoologische Systematik und Evolutionsforschung: 51-67.

Zimmermann, H. 1982. Durch Nachzucht erhalten: Blattsteigerfrosche Phyllobates vittatus and P. lugubris. Aquarien Magazin: 109-112.

Citation:	Frank Solís, Roberto Ibáñez, Gerardo Chaves, Jay Savage, César Jaramillo, Querube Fuenmayor, Federico Bolaños 2004. Phyllobates vittatus. In: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 19 June 2013.
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