Creagrutus paralacus

Taxonomy

Assessment Information

Geographic Range

Population

Habitat and Ecology

Threats

Conservation Actions

Bibliography

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Taxonomy [top]

Kingdom	Phylum	Class	Order	Family
ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	ACTINOPTERYGII	CHARACIFORMES	CHARACIDAE

Scientific Name:	Creagrutus paralacus
Species Authority:	Harold & Vari, 1994

Assessment Information [top]

Red List Category & Criteria:	Least Concern ver 3.1
Year Published:	2009
Assessor/s:	Reis, R & Lima, F.
Reviewer/s:	Collen, B., Darwall, W., Ram, M. & Smith, K. (SRLI Freshwater Fish Evaluation Workshop)
Contributor/s:
Justification: Assessed as Least Concern because of the lack of threats acting on this species. It does have a restricted range in an area with heavy pollution and habitat degradation. Therefore monitoring of this species should take place.

Geographic Range [top]

Range Description:	This species is found in southern and southeastern tributaries to Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela. These tributaries drain into an area of 20,960 km².
Countries:	Native: Venezuela
Range Map:	Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.

Population [top]

Population:	This species has a stable population trend at present.
Population Trend:	Stable

Habitat and Ecology [top]

Habitat and Ecology:	C. paralacus is a benthopelagic (ecological region at the lowest level of water body) species.
Systems:	Freshwater

Threats [top]

Major Threat(s):	Due to the small nature of the streams in which the species occurs, it is likely that a good proportion of habitat remains intact enough to support this species. Even considering the extent of disturbance (heavy pollution and habitat degradation) in the Lake Maraciabo basin, the species is likely not to have suffered unduly. Creagrutus species are relatively resilient to habitat modification.

Major Threat(s):

Due to the small nature of the streams in which the species occurs, it is likely that a good proportion of habitat remains intact enough to support this species. Even considering the extent of disturbance (heavy pollution and habitat degradation) in the Lake Maraciabo basin, the species is likely not to have suffered unduly. Creagrutus species are relatively resilient to habitat modification.

Conservation Actions [top]

Conservation Actions:	There are no conservation measures in place and research into the population trends are required.

Conservation Actions:

There are no conservation measures in place and research into the population trends are required.

Bibliography [top]

	Anon. 2001. Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution).. Eschmeyer, W.N. 1998. Catalogue of fishes. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco. Froese, R. and Pauly, D. 2006. FishBase. Available at: www.fishbase.org. Galvis, G., Mojica, J.I. and Camargo, M. 1997. Peces del Catatumbo.. Harold, A.S. and Vari, R.P. 1994. Systematics of the Trans-Andean species of Creagrutus (Ostariophysi: Characiformers: Characidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 551: 31. IUCN. 2009. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (ver. 2009.2). Available at: www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 3 November 2009). Lima, F.C.T., Malabarba, L.R., Buckup, P.A., Pezzi da Silva, J.F., Vari, R.P., Harold, A., Benine, R., Oyakawa, O.T., Pavanelli, C.S., Menezes, N.A., Lucena, C.A.S., Malabarba, M.C.S.L., Lucena, Z.M.S., Reis, R.E., Langeani, F., Cassati, L. and Bertaco, V.A. 2003. Genera Incertae Sedis (uncertain placement) in Characidae. In: R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds), Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America, pp. 106-168. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. Swedish Museum of Natural History. 1999. NRM Ichthyology collection database. Ichthyology Section, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden. Wu, H.L., Shao, K.T. and Lai, C.F. 1999. Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. WWF - World Wildlife Fund. 2001. Maracaibo Dry Forests. Available at: http://www.nationalgeographic.com/wildworld/terrestrial.html. (Accessed: 30th November).

Anon. 2001. Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution)..

Eschmeyer, W.N. 1998. Catalogue of fishes. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco.

Froese, R. and Pauly, D. 2006. FishBase. Available at: www.fishbase.org.

Galvis, G., Mojica, J.I. and Camargo, M. 1997. Peces del Catatumbo..

Harold, A.S. and Vari, R.P. 1994. Systematics of the Trans-Andean species of Creagrutus (Ostariophysi: Characiformers: Characidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 551: 31.

IUCN. 2009. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (ver. 2009.2). Available at: www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 3 November 2009).

Lima, F.C.T., Malabarba, L.R., Buckup, P.A., Pezzi da Silva, J.F., Vari, R.P., Harold, A., Benine, R., Oyakawa, O.T., Pavanelli, C.S., Menezes, N.A., Lucena, C.A.S., Malabarba, M.C.S.L., Lucena, Z.M.S., Reis, R.E., Langeani, F., Cassati, L. and Bertaco, V.A. 2003. Genera Incertae Sedis (uncertain placement) in Characidae. In: R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds), Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America, pp. 106-168. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil.

Swedish Museum of Natural History. 1999. NRM Ichthyology collection database. Ichthyology Section, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden.

Wu, H.L., Shao, K.T. and Lai, C.F. 1999. Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan.

WWF - World Wildlife Fund. 2001. Maracaibo Dry Forests. Available at: http://www.nationalgeographic.com/wildworld/terrestrial.html. (Accessed: 30th November).

Citation:	Reis, R & Lima, F. 2009. Creagrutus paralacus. In: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 25 May 2013.
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