Himantura undulata

Classifications

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Classifications [top]

Habitats
Threats
Conservation Actions

9. Marine Neritic -> 9.4. Marine Neritic - Subtidal Sandy
suitability: Suitable major importance:Yes

9. Marine Neritic -> 9.5. Marine Neritic - Subtidal Sandy-Mud
suitability: Suitable major importance:Yes

9. Marine Neritic -> 9.8. Marine Neritic - Coral Reef -> 9.8.4. Lagoon
suitability: Suitable major importance:Yes

9. Marine Neritic -> 9.8. Marine Neritic - Coral Reef -> 9.8.5. Inter-Reef Soft Substrate
suitability: Possible

9. Marine Neritic -> 9.10. Marine Neritic - Estuaries
suitability: Suitable major importance:Yes

12. Marine Intertidal -> 12.7. Marine Intertidal - Mangrove Submerged Roots
suitability: Suitable major importance:Yes

1. Land/water protection -> 1.2. Resource & habitat protection

3. Species management -> 3.1. Species management -> 3.1.1. Harvest management

4. Education & awareness -> 4.3. Awareness & communications

5. Law & policy -> 5.1. Legislation -> 5.1.2. National level

5. Law & policy -> 5.1. Legislation -> 5.1.3. Sub-national level

1. Residential & commercial development -> 1.1. Housing & urban areas
timing: Ongoing scope: Unknown severity: Slow, Significant Declines

1. Residential & commercial development -> 1.2. Commercial & industrial areas
timing: Ongoing scope: Unknown severity: Slow, Significant Declines

5. Biological resource use -> 5.4. Fishing & harvesting aquatic resources -> 5.4.2. Intentional use: (large scale)
timing: Ongoing scope: Unknown severity: Slow, Significant Declines

5. Biological resource use -> 5.4. Fishing & harvesting aquatic resources -> 5.4.3. Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale)
timing: Ongoing scope: Unknown severity: Slow, Significant Declines

5. Biological resource use -> 5.4. Fishing & harvesting aquatic resources -> 5.4.4. Unintentional effects: (large scale)
timing: Ongoing scope: Unknown severity: Slow, Significant Declines

9. Pollution -> 9.1. Domestic & urban waste water -> 9.1.3. Type Unknown/Unrecorded
timing: Ongoing scope: Unknown severity: Slow, Significant Declines

9. Pollution -> 9.3. Agricultural & forestry effluents -> 9.3.1. Nutrient loads
timing: Ongoing scope: Unknown severity: Slow, Significant Declines

9. Pollution -> 9.3. Agricultural & forestry effluents -> 9.3.2. Soil erosion, sedimentation
timing: Ongoing scope: Unknown severity: Slow, Significant Declines

Citation:	Rigby, C. 2012. Himantura undulata. In: IUCN 2013. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 21 April 2014.
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