Loxodonta africana

Classifications [top]

List of Habitats:

1	Forest
1.4	Forest - Temperate
1.5	Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Dry
1.6	Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland
1.7	Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Mangrove Vegetation Above High Tide Level
1.8	Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Swamp
1.9	Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane
2	Savanna
2.1	Savanna - Dry
2.2	Savanna - Moist
3	Shrubland
3.4	Shrubland - Temperate
3.5	Shrubland - Subtropical/Tropical Dry
3.6	Shrubland - Subtropical/Tropical Moist
3.7	Shrubland - Subtropical/Tropical High Altitude
3.8	Shrubland - Mediterranean-type Shrubby Vegetation
4	Grassland
4.4	Grassland - Temperate
4.5	Grassland - Subtropical/Tropical Dry
4.6	Grassland - Subtropical/Tropical Seasonally Wet/Flooded
4.7	Grassland - Subtropical/Tropical High Altitude
5	Wetlands (inland)
5.2	Wetlands (inland) - Seasonal/Intermittent/Irregular Rivers/Streams/Creeks
5.3	Wetlands (inland) - Shrub Dominated Wetlands
5.4	Wetlands (inland) - Bogs, Marshes, Swamps, Fens, Peatlands
5.8	Wetlands (inland) - Seasonal/Intermittent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under 8ha)
5.9	Wetlands (inland) - Freshwater Springs and Oases
5.13	Wetlands (inland) - Permanent Inland Deltas
8	Desert
8.1	Desert - Hot
8.2	Desert - Temperate
14	Artificial/Terrestrial
14.1	Artificial/Terrestrial - Arable Land
14.2	Artificial/Terrestrial - Pastureland
14.3	Artificial/Terrestrial - Plantations
14.4	Artificial/Terrestrial - Rural Gardens
14.6	Artificial/Terrestrial - Subtropical/Tropical Heavily Degraded Former Forest
15	Artificial/Aquatic & Marine
15.8	Artificial/Aquatic - Seasonally Flooded Agricultural Land

List of Conservation Actions:

1	Land/water protection
1.1	Site/area protection (in place)
1.2	Resource & habitat protection (in place)
2	Land/water management
2.1	Site/area management (in place)
3	Species management
3.1	Species management
3.1.1	Harvest management (in place)
3.1.2	Trade management (in place)
3.1.3	Limiting population growth (in place)
3.2	Species recovery (in place)
4	Education & awareness
4.1	Formal education (in place)
4.2	Training (in place)
4.3	Awareness & communications (in place)
5	Law & policy
5.1	Legislation
5.1.1	International level (in place)
5.1.2	National level (in place)
5.1.3	Sub-national level (in place)
5.4	Compliance and enforcement
5.4.1	International level (in place)
5.4.2	National level (in place)
5.4.3	Sub-national level (in place)
6	Livelihood, economic & other incentives
6.1	Linked enterprises & livelihood alternatives (in place)

List of Threats:

1	Residential & commercial development
1.1	Housing & urban areas
1.2	Commercial & industrial areas
2	Agriculture & aquaculture
2.1	Annual & perennial non-timber crops
2.1.1	Shifting agriculture
2.1.2	Small-holder farming
2.1.3	Agro-industry farming
2.2	Wood & pulp plantations
2.2.1	Small-holder plantations
2.2.2	Agro-industry plantations
2.3	Livestock farming & ranching
2.3.1	Nomadic grazing
2.3.2	Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming
2.3.3	Agro-industry grazing, ranching or farming
4	Transportation & service corridors
4.1	Roads & railroads
5	Biological resource use
5.1	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals
5.1.1	Intentional use (species is the target)
5.1.2	Unintentional effects (species is not the target)
5.1.3	Persecution/control
5.3	Logging & wood harvesting
5.3.5	Motivation Unknown/Unrecorded
6	Human intrusions & disturbance
6.1	Recreational activities
6.2	War, civil unrest & military exercises
7	Natural system modifications
7.1	Fire & fire suppression
7.1.3	Trend Unknown/Unrecorded
7.2	Dams & water management/use
7.2.11	Dams (size unknown)
8	Invasive & other problematic species & genes
8.1	Invasive non-native/alien species
8.1.1	Unspecified species
11	Climate change & severe weather
11.2	Droughts

Citation:	Blanc, J. 2008. Loxodonta africana. In: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 23 May 2013.
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