Polysticta stelleri

Alaska SeaLife Center. 2004. Experts embark on challenging multi-year program to breed Steller's eiders in captivity for first time in Alaska.

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del Hoyo, J.; Elliot, A.; Sargatal, J. 1992. Handbook of the Birds of the World, vol. 1: Ostrich to Ducks. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, Spain.

Frederickson, L..H. 2001. Steller’s Eider (Polysticta stelleri). In: A. Poole and F. Gill (eds), The Birds of North America, pp. 24. The Birds of North America, Inc, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Gerasimov, Y. N.; Gerasimov, N. N. 2003. Estimation of Anatidae numbers on Kamchatka based on spring counts. In: Dorzhiev, T.Z. (ed.), The modern problems of Siberia and Central Asia: Proceedings of the II International Ornithological Conference, Ulan-Ude, Russia, 16-19 May 2003, pp. 36-37. Buryat State University Press, Ulan-Ude, Russia.

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Larned, W. W. 2003. Steller's Eider spring migration surveys southwest Alaska.

Larned, W.W. 2004. Steller's Eider spring migration surveys, Southwest Alaska 2004.

Larned, W. W. 2005. Steller's eider spring migration surveys, southwest Alaska, 2005.

Larned, W. W. 2012. Steller’s eider spring migration surveys, Southwest Alaska, 2011. United States Fish and Wildlife Service Report, Anchorage, Alaska.

Laubhan, M.K. and Metzner, K.A. 1999. Distribution and diurnal behavior of Steller's eiders wintering on the Alaska Peninsula. Condor 101(3): 694-698.

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Morse, S. 2009. A challenging future for the Steller's Eider. Endangered Species Bulletin 34(3): 22-23.

Petersen, M. 1981. Populations, feeding ecology and molt of Steller's eiders. Condor 83: 256-262.

Petersen, M. R. 1981. Populations, feeding ecology and molt of Steller's Eider. Condor 83: 256-262.

Petersen, S. L.; Ryan, P. G.; Gremillet, D. 2006. Is food availability limiting African Penguins Spheniscus demersus at Boulders? A comparison of foraging effort at mainland and island colonies. Ibis 148: 14-26.

Safine, D. E. 2011. Breeding ecology of Steller’s and spectacled eiders nesting near Barrow, Alaska, 2008-2010. United States Fish and Wildlife Service Technical Report, Fairbanks, Alaska.

Scott, D. A.; Rose, P. M. 1996. Atlas of Anatidae populations in Africa and western Eurasia. Wetlands International, Wageningen, Netherlands.

Zydelis, R.; Lorentsen, S-H.; Fox, A.D.; Kuresoo, A.; Krasnov, Y.; Goryaev, Y.; Bustnes, J.O.; Hario, M.; Nilsson, L.; Stipniece, A. 2006. Recent changes in the status of Steller's Eider Polysticta stelleri wintering in Europe: a decline or redistribution? Bird Conservation International 16(3): 217-236.