Montivipera bornmuelleri

Taxonomy

Assessment Information

Geographic Range

Population

Habitat and Ecology

Threats

Conservation Actions

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Taxonomy [top]

Kingdom	Phylum	Class	Order	Family
ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	REPTILIA	SQUAMATA	VIPERIDAE

Scientific Name:

Montivipera bornmuelleri

Species Authority:

(Werner, 1898)

Common Name/s:

English

–

Lebanon Viper

Synonym/s:

Vipera bornmuelleri Werner, 1898

Taxonomic Notes:

This species is included in Montivipera following Nilson et al. (1999).

Assessment Information [top]

Red List Category & Criteria:

Endangered B1ab(iii) ver 3.1

Year Published:

2006

Assessor/s:

Mousa Disi, A.M., Hraoui-Bloquet, S., Sadek, R. & Werner, Y.

Reviewer/s:

Stuart, S.N. & Cox, N. (Global Reptile Assessment)

Contributor/s:

Justification:
Listed as Endangered because its extent of occurrence is less than 5,000 km², its distribution is severely fragmented, and there is continuing decline in the extent and quality of its montane habitat through overgrazing.

History:

1996	–	Vulnerable
1996	–	Vulnerable
1994	–	Indeterminate (Groombridge 1994)
1990	–	Indeterminate (IUCN 1990)
1988	–	Indeterminate (IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre 1988)

Geographic Range [top]

Range Description:	This species has been recorded from high mountain regions in Lebanon and Syria from about 1,000 to around 2,200 m asl. It is present on the Mount Lebanon Range, the Anti-Lebanon Range and Mount Hermon (in Israeli-occupied Syria), and is also present on Jabel Al Arab (Druz), Syria.
Countries:	Native: Lebanon; Syrian Arab Republic
Range Map:	Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.

Population [top]

Population:	It can be common in suitable habitat.
Population Trend:	Decreasing

Habitat and Ecology [top]

Habitat and Ecology:	It is found in cedar forests, alpine grasslands and amongst cushion-type vegetation and rocks. This species gives birth to between two and 18 young.
Systems:	Terrestrial

Threats [top]

Major Threat(s):	This is a restricted range species that is threatened in Lebanon by overgrazing of habitat by sheep and goats, and also through degradation of suitable habitat through the use of off-road vehicles. On Mount Hermon it is threatened by the development of its habitat for use by the military, and is potentially threatened by the development of the skiing industry.

Major Threat(s):

This is a restricted range species that is threatened in Lebanon by overgrazing of habitat by sheep and goats, and also through degradation of suitable habitat through the use of off-road vehicles. On Mount Hermon it is threatened by the development of its habitat for use by the military, and is potentially threatened by the development of the skiing industry.

Conservation Actions [top]

Conservation Actions:	This species is found in the protected areas of Arz Al-Shouf and Horj Ehden in Lebanon, and in the Hermon Reserve in Israeli-occupied Syria.

Conservation Actions:

This species is found in the protected areas of Arz Al-Shouf and Horj Ehden in Lebanon, and in the Hermon Reserve in Israeli-occupied Syria.

Citation:	Mousa Disi, A.M., Hraoui-Bloquet, S., Sadek, R. & Werner, Y. 2006. Montivipera bornmuelleri. In: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 23 May 2013.
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