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A users' guide to The IUCN Red List web site

03 April 2009
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™

In October 2008, the IUCN Red List web site was given a brand new look. The new site has more functionality than ever before. This also means that the site has more detailed search pages that allow increased flexibility in the searches that can be carried out, introduces the ability to store searches for future use or to share search results with others, and allows users to download range data for mammals and amphibians.

In order to help users to navigate their way through the wider range of functions on the web site, a set of instructions have been developed (The Users’ Guide to the IUCN Red List web site. Version 1.0 (March 2009)) and this document is now available to download from the link below (PDF, 2.47 MB). The document contains several sections, providing guidance on how to search the web site, how to navigate through the species fact sheets, how to save searches and export data from the site, and where to find and download GIS data for amphibians and mammals. Use the index to access the section you want (just click on the topic in the index).

A video tutorial on how to search the IUCN Red List web site is also available (follow the link below).

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Conservation royalty awarded IUCN’s highest award

15 May 2013

Distinguished conservationist, Sir David Attenborough, received the John C. Phillips Memorial Medal earlier this week at a special presentation at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew in London.

Dr Simon Stuart presents Sir David Attenborough with the John C. Phillips Memorial Medal. Photo: Jennifer Luedtke

The John C. Phillips Memorial Medal is IUCN’s highest conservation award which has been presented at every General Assembly and IUCN World Conservation Congress since 1963. Awarded in memory of the life and work of Dr John C. Phillips, a pioneer of the conservation movement and specialist in species classification and genetics, it is a symbol of recognition of outstanding service in international conservation.

A British naturalist and broadcaster of world renown, Sir David has reached the masses with his captivating documentaries on natural history, creating awareness of the natural world and its vulnerability. Over the last fifty years, he has inspired generations to protect and conserve our planet.

The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, known as Kew Gardens, provided the perfect location for the intimate ceremony and celebration to honour Sir David. Founded in 1759, and declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2003, Kew Gardens is a world leader in plant science and conservation, as well as a valued Member of IUCN, and a partner organization in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Kew Gardens works to discover and describe the world’s plant and fungal diversity; safeguard the world's plant life for our future; promote the sustainable use of plants; and inspire an appreciation of plants and the environment.

The John C. Phillips Memorial Medal. Photo: Jennifer LuedtkeThe presentation was made by IUCN Councillor and Species Survival Commission Chair, Dr Simon Stuart, representing the IUCN Council, on behalf of the IUCN World Conservation Congress. Sir David had not been able to attend the 2012 Congress in Jeju, Republic of Korea, where the announcement of the award had been made, but had sent a moving video message.

“IUCN is an organisation of enormous importance for all of us who care about the natural world. There is no other international organization quite like it, none which is quite so scientifically based, none whose compliments I would value more highly”, said Sir David in his acceptance speech to Congress.

Dr Stuart paid tribute to Sir David by saying: “At the event in Kew Gardens, Sir David reflected that he had been extremely fortunate to have been able to spend his life travelling to extraordinary places and working with amazing species, while much of the hard work of conservation was being done by others who often had to spend much of their time sitting behind computer screens. This comment is an indication of Sir David’s modesty, which is one of the many reasons why he is held in such high regard in the conservation community worldwide.”
 

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All our cousins on display

14 May 2013
Indri is the largest living lemur. Its hind limbs propel it through the trees in leaps up to 30 feet
Photo: © Conservation International/photo by Russell A. Mittermeier

The first book to profile all species of primates, with illustrations of every species and insights into their role in nature and value to humans, has been launched today by Lynx Edicions in association with the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and Conservation International (CI).

The book, which is the third volume of the series Handbook of the Mammals of the World presents the most comprehensive information on 16 families, 77 genera, 479 species and 681 taxa of primates. This 952-page book features, for the first time ever, illustrations of every single species, in addition to hundreds of photos and maps.

“We are hopeful that this book, published as part of such a prestigious series, will make great strides in helping to stimulate interest in primates, and, in doing so, make a major contribution to the conservation of this important group of animals,” said Dr. Russell Mittermeier, Chair of IUCN’s Species Survival Commission’s Primate Specialist Group and President of Conservation International. “Most people don’t realize that primates are pollinators and seed dispersers, playing a fundamental role in nature and contributing to human well-being through the maintenance of healthy forests, which give us clean air, water and a stable climate.”

White-cheeked gibbons (Nomascus leucogenys). Photo: Benjamin Radzun/flickrEarly primate studies were based on a desire to learn more about human evolution by studying our closest living relatives. In recent years, however, research has shown that these animals are not only remarkably interesting in their own way but that they are also an essential component of healthy forests and, therefore, extremely valuable for the vital services they provide to humankind.

Primates can be found mostly in the tropics, and many of them serve as “flagship” species to proclaim the need to protect the forests where they live. The Muriqui (Brachyteles arachnoides andMale Long-tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis). Photo: © Olivier LangrandBrachyteles hypoxanthus), which occurs in the heavily impacted Atlantic Forest, is the largest endemic mammal to Brazil. It travels over long distances in the forest canopy, helping to regenerate the forest as it disperses the seeds of the fruits it eats. In Madagascar, the Indri (Indri indri) is known for its loud, haunting call that can be heard from miles away. The largest tree-dwelling mammal in the world is the orangutan - Sumatran Orangutan (Pongo abelii) and Bornean Orangutan (Pongo Bonobos are native to the Democratic Republic of Congo. Photo: © Conservation International/photo by Russell A. Mittermeierpygmaeus) - which can weigh almost 200 lbs. In the Democratic Republic of Congo, we find our closest living relative, the Bonobo (Pan paniscus), a type of chimpanzee popularly known for its active sexual behaviour. Half of all primates species, however, are threatened, primarily due to hunting and the widespread destruction of their forests.

Dr. Anthony Rylands, co-chief editor and Deputy Chair of the IUCN SSC Handbook of the Mammals of the World. Vol. 3. Primates. Published by Lynx Edicions in association with Conservation International and IUCN. Edited by Russell A. Mittermeier, Anthony B. Rylands and Don E. Wilson. Illustrated by Stephen D. Nash. Photo: © Lynx EdicionsPrimate Specialist Group, who dedicated three years of work to this publication, said: “It is a remarkable endeavour, I am privileged to have worked with those who contributed so brilliantly to this extraordinary and unique compilation and, most especially, with the artist Stephen D. Nash who illustrated for the first time and so wonderfully all the primates we know of today. Behind this celebration, however, lies the stark and dismal fact that all are now declining in numbers—so many will soon be lost forever unless the unrelenting destruction of the world’s tropical forests can be stopped—devastating as it is for the survival of both non-human and human primates.”


Handbook of the Mammals of the World. Vol. 3. Primates
is for sale here.


For more information, please contact:

Ewa Magiera
IUCN Media and Communications Officer
ewa.magiera@iucn.org


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Networking for migratory birds

10 May 2013
Melodious Warbler (Hippolais polyglotta)
Photo: Peter Harris

World Migratory Bird Day is a global celebration that highlights the need for more protection of migratory birds and their habitats. This year’s theme is “networking for migratory birds” and as the largest professional global conservation network, IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) is pleased to join the celebrations.

For many people, the sight of migrating birds signals the start of spring and new beginnings. Migratory birds can fly thousands of miles each year, crossing geographical and political borders as they travel between wintering sites in the south and breeding sites in the north. The longest migration is flown by the Arctic Tern (Sterna paradisaea) which flies from the high Arctic where it breeds in summer to its Antarctic wintering grounds with some birds flying more than 80,000km annually.

Arctic Tern (Sterna paradisaea). Photo: Marek Szczepanek - Creative CommonsHowever, there are concerns about observed declines in some populations, such as the Spoon-billed Sandpiper (Eurynorhynchus pygmeus) whose numbers have declined from 2,000-2,800 breeding pairs in the 1970s to an estimated 100 breeding pairs today. The cause of this dramatic decline has been attributed to the loss of stopover habitats along its migration route in Asia between its breeding sites in Russia and wintering sites in Bangladesh and Myanmar. Without these vital stopover points, this small bird is unable to rest and refuel on its 16,000 km African Sacred Ibis (Threskiornis aethiopicus). Photo: Jean-Christophe Viéround-trip migration.

Habitat loss and changes in the way land is used are the primary threats to many migratory bird species but pollution and hunting are also responsible for a decline in population numbers. This decline is worrying as birds are an excellent indicator of environmental health and their disappearance indicates that there environmental problems that need to be addressed.

This year’s World Migratory Bird Day theme, “Networking for migratory species”, highlights the importance of ensuring a network of habitats is available to birds throughout Spoon-billed Sandpiper (Eurynorhynchus pygmeus). Photo: Paul Marshall WWTtheir lives. It also highlights the need for governments, conservation organisations and dedicated people to work together for the benefit of migratory birds.

As the world’s largest conservation network, IUCN is able to bring together the expertise of the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) - a network of more than 8,000 experts based across the world who have specialist knowledge on species and themes such as wildlife health and sustainable use of species. These experts are able to European Honey Buzzard (Pernis apivorus). Photo: Peter Harrisanalyze threats facing migratory birds and advise on how to best to address them.

Connecting funding to projects working on the ground to save migratory birds is an important step in the conservation of these incredible species. SOS – Save Our Species, a partnership between IUCN, the Global Environment Facility and World Bank, is one of European migratory birds. Photo: Jean-Christophe Viéthese funding networks. It delivers financial assistance to where it is needed by supporting a project focused on saving the iconic Spoon-billed Sandpiper from extinction. The project aims to prevent further population declines by using breeding programmes and headstarting programmes which give young chicks extra support and has already seen the successful hatching of 26 chicks.

By working together, people can save migratory birds and the network of habitats they depend on for the enjoyment of future generations. Let’s get together and make sure the networks migratory birds need to survive remain open.

Find out more about World Migratory Bird Day and the activities that are happening worldwide here.

 

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Invasive alien plants and pests: the communication challenge

10 May 2013
Alien Invasive Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) which has spread around the entire tropics and is now moving north into southern Europe as Climate Change makes conditions suitable for it.
Photo: IUCN

Research to better understand the impacts of biological invasions has been carried out across Europe. Governments and institutions have undertaken prevention and control actions, and the European Commission is expected to present a dedicated legislative instrument in the near future. However, despite these initiatives, the general public is rarely aware of what pests and invasive alien plants are, and what damage they can cause. Raising awareness among the society is an indispensable step for fully addressing the issue.

Communicating on the topic of pests and invasive alien plants is a challenging task, as it involves explaining what these species are, as well as describing their impacts. Also, often scientists and civil servants working on invasive species are not trained in the use of communication tools and strategies.

The European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO), in cooperation with the Council of Europe, the European Environment Agency and the IUCN Specialist Group on Invasive Species will organize a workshop focusing on the challenges faced when communicating on pests and invasive alien plants.

The workshop will present examples of different communication tools and explain which have worked well and which have not. Examples of communication actions on pests and invasive alien plants exist, but few of these are widely known and no inventory exists. A survey will soon be launched by the EPPO Secretariat on its website to gather existing communication cases. Ministries of agriculture and environment, national plant protection organizations, environmental agencies, NGOs and universities will be invited to contribute.

Time at the workshop will be also dedicated to discussing the perception which people have of invasive alien species which is very important when drafting communications guidelines in this field.

The workshop will take place on 8-10 October 2013 in Oeiras in Portugal at the kind invitation of the General Directorate of Food and Veterinary (Portuguese Plant Protection Organization), the Centre for Functional Ecology (University of Coimbra) and the Agrarian School of Coimbra (Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra). The workshop will be attended by civil servants, scientists, land managers, members of NGOs, and journalists.

Please register here before 1 June 2013.

 

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IUCN signs new partnership for better forests

08 May 2013
A timber lorry in Kongo village, Cameroon
Photo: © Christian Laufenberg

IUCN signed a Memorandum of Understanding yesterday with the Association Technique Internationale des Bois Tropicaux (ATIBT) – a key player in the tropical timber industry specialized in sustainable forestry, local processing of timber and forest certification schemes.

The two organizations will now work together on the assessment of timber species for The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ to help improve the way forest resources are managed. They will also explore the important role that forest certification plays for biodiversity and for local social and economic development.

During its initial years, the new partnership will focus on the West and Central African sub-region.

IUCN Director General Julia Marton-Lefèvre and Ralph Ridder, General Director of ATIBT sign a Memorandum of Understanding. Photo: IUCN“Well-managed areas host a much greater abundance and variety of species than areas that are not properly looked after,” says IUCN Director General Julia Marton-Lefèvre. “This, in turn, contributes to enhanced livelihoods of local people who depend on these places for food and income. We’re very excited about this new partnership and look forward to working closely with ATIBT towards a more sustainable management of our forests.”

Actively involved in the forestry sector since 1951, the ATIBT provides information, training and technical and scientific support to the tropical forest-timber industry through a network of more than 250 professional members from 39 countries. It encourages best practices throughout the timber industry ensuring the sustainable exploitation of tropical forests and helping regulate the trade in tropical timber. Its work focuses on the timber sector in West and Central Africa with expanding operations in Asia.

 

For more information, please contact:

Ewa Magiera
IUCN Communications
ewa.magiera@iucn.org

 

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EU countries must do more to protect biodiversity

02 May 2013
Margaritifera margaritifera
Photo: Juergen Geist

European Union countries should step up their conservation efforts and fully implement the EU Biodiversity Strategy to 2020 to prevent species from going extinct, according to a recent analysis of the European Red List coordinated by IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature).

The analysis presents a detailed overview of species threatened at the European level in all 27 EU Member States. It shows that the highest share of species threatened in the European Union can be found in the Mediterranean region which hosts most of Europe’s biodiversity.

“Thanks to its bioclimatic conditions, the Mediterranean region is a recognized global hotspot for biodiversity, hosting a large number and extraordinary variety of species,” says Antonio Troya, Director of IUCN Centre for Mediterranean Cooperation. “The survival of many of these species is at risk as their habitats are being negatively impacted by human activities. This is a major challenge that European policy-makers shall address. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ can be an important tool to analyse species population trends to guide effective policy and action at different levels”.

Mustela lutreola, Critically Endangered. Photo: Tilt MaranSpain, Portugal and Greece host the highest proportion of species threatened with extinction at the European level and should act with the greatest urgency. Of the 2,032 species assessed which occur in Spain, 21% are considered threatened at the European level. Fifteen percent of the 1,215 European species occuring in Portugal are threatened, and the same is true for 14% of the 1,684 European species found in Greece.

Of the species assessed so far, freshwater species – including fishes, molluscs and amphibians – are at the highest risk, with species such as the European Eel (Anguilla anguilla) and the Freshwater Pearl Mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) being particularly threatened. The Anguilla anguilla. Photo: Andreas Hartlstatus of terrestrial molluscs, dragonflies and mammals, such as the European Mink (Mustela lutreola) also raises significant concern. Species are mainly threatened by the loss, fragmentation and degradation of their habitat, due in large part to agricultural and urban expansion, construction of dams and water pollution.

While effective conservation action in the Mediterranean is needed urgently, the study calls on all EU Member States to take adequate measures to reverse the Iberian Lynx. Photo: GuestyGrrl/Flickrcurrent population declines, in order to avoid species going extinct.

“Species can be saved from extinction, but this requires a combination of sound research and greater coordinated efforts,” says Ana Nieto, Regional Biodiversity Conservation Officer at IUCN. “All EU Heads of State and Government have committed to halting biodiversity loss and the degradation of ecosystem services by 2020. Considerable conservation investment is needed from these countries and the EU to achieve this target and assure a long-term improvement in the status of European species.”

EU nature conservation policies are among the most advanced globally. The Birds and Habitats Directives have led to successful recovery of many species.

Iberian Lynx. Photo: Joachim S. Müller/Flickr“Conservation works,” says Simon Stuart, Chair of IUCN Species Survival Commission. “The increase in the population of the Iberian Lynx (Lynx pardinus) in Southern Spain from 94 individuals in 2002 to 312 in 2011 is a case in point. The EU and Member States need to continue to act to protect Europe’s invaluable natural heritage. IUCN stands ready to provide the science and support needed to scale up these efforts.”

 

For more information or to set up interviews, please contact:

Liza Drius
Communications Officer, IUCN European Union Representative Office
Tel: +32 2 739 0318
liza.drius@iucn.org

 

Fact Sheet on Malta's biodiversity. Photo: IUCNAbout the anaylsis

The study is based on the data from the European Red List supported by the European Commission. It presents the proportion of species which are threatened at the European level for each EU Member State. The present analysis does not provide information on the status of the species at the national level (i.e. in each individual country), but rather on the level of threat for species groups at the European level (i.e. across the whole European continent, but excluding the EU overseas entities). National and sub-national Red Lists can be cross-checked to identify the status of species at the national level. More detailed information and all 27 country fact sheets can be found here.

 

Which EU Member State hosts the highest proportion of species threatened at the European level?

Graph: The proportion of species threatened at the European level for each EU Member StateThe above graph shows the proportion of species threatened at the European level for each EU Member State, based upon the ten European Red Lists produced so far. See here the results of the assessments conducted until 2011. Overall, the most threatened species groups assessed so far in Europe are freshwater fishes, freshwater molluscs and amphibians.

 

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A new view of The IUCN Red List

30 April 2013
IUCN Red List sub-site
Photo: The IUCN Red List

There is a brand new way to search for information on The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™. Launched today, a new section on The IUCN Red List website offers a simpler way to search for species and learn about the threats they face. Featuring more images than before, the sub-site makes The IUCN Red List information easily accessible to all wildlife enthusiasts.

More than a measure of the current extinction crisis, The IUCN Red List is also the starting point for conservation action. Up until now it has been largely tailored to scientists, and now thanks to the generous support from Rolex, we are very excited to announce the launch of the first phase development of the new IUCN Red List sub-site

The sub-site is targeted to the general public, and provides a new view of The IUCN Red List where users can discover the species listed on the site using the new “Discover Species” search tool which allows them to search for species using common group names and filter results by IUCN Red List Category, location, habitat type or threat type.

A preview of the new "Discover Species" search tool. Photo: The IUCN Red ListIndividual species profile pages provide an engaging visual view with large images, interactive maps and also include a selection of related species, enabling users to browse and learn about other species. Another new feature on the sub-site allows people to log in with their Facebook or Twitter account and save lists of their favorite species or species they have seen in real life. This new way of interacting with The IUCN Red List will help inspire and educate the general public and future conservationists.One of the new look species profile pages. Photo: The IUCN Red List

The new IUCN Red List sub-site is available now for you to discover. To be among the first to try it, visit discover.iucnredlist.org or choose “Discover more” on the pop-up menu box when visiting www.iucnredlist.org.

The sub-site was developed by Electronic Ink.

 

For more information, please contact:

Lynne Labanne
IUCN Species Programme Communications Officer, IUCN
email: lynne.labanne@iucn.org

Camellia Williams
IUCN Species Programme Communications, IUCN
email: camellia.williams@iucn.org

Nature in Poland

30 April 2013
Turnicki National Park
Photo: Radoslaw Michalski

Poland’s biodiversity is among the richest in Europe. Its transitional climate which is influenced by oceanic and continental air masses, its favourable geographical position at the centre of the continent with no natural barriers to the east or the west, its varied geological structure, land and hydrographic make-up and soil types make it a good habitat for many plant and animal species.

Read the Country Focus on Poland to learn about Polish nature and conservation action.

There is a very good level of knowledge about the biodiversity of Poland. It is estimated that the number of species in the country totals around 63,000, of which 28,000 species are plants and fungi and 35,000 animals (of which around 700 species are vertebrates). There are 485 communities of plants (using the Braun-Blanquet method), which characterizes the entire biodiversity of land, freshwater and marine communities. Around 12 % of them are endemic communities.

Nature in Poland has been negatively affected by human development at varying levels within the country: unevenly spread industrialisation and urbanization coexist with large areas characterised by traditional agriculture and extensive ancient forests (the Białowieza Forest is the best preserved area of primeval forest in Europe).

The Country Focus on Poland presents projects by IUCN Members which aim to protect nature and its diversity. You can read about:

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A billion-dollar business puts species and people at risk

29 April 2013
The Nassau Grouper (Epinephelus striatus) once formed numerous, immense spawning groups. However, heavy fishing has reduced these spawning groups and overall population numbers to critically low values.
Photo: Enric Sala/SCRFA

At least 12% of groupers – globally-important food fish species that live on coral and rocky reefs – face extinction, putting the livelihoods of hundreds of thousands of people around the world at risk, finds a report published today by the International Union for Conservation of Nature Species Survival Commission’s (IUCN SSC) Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group.

The overall percentage of threatened groupers could be much higher as there is insufficient data for about 30% of the species, according to The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™.

The study points to overfishing and the booming international luxury seafood trade as major threats to the survival of some grouper species, and to the livelihoods of those who depend on them for food and income. Its authors call for urgent conservation and management efforts to prevent further declines of these species.

Live groupers on display for sale in a Hong Kong market. Photo: Matthew Craig“The declines in some grouper fisheries are alarming,” says Yvonne Sadovy, Co-Chair of the IUCN SSC Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group and lead author of the study. “Most of them are not managed at all and their natural ability to reproduce can’t keep up with increasing demand. The rapidly growing international trade in groupers further reduces their populations.”

More than 300,000 tons of groupers – or 90 million individuals – were caught globally in 2009, mostly in Asia, where they are particularly sought-after for the A school of large groupers in Cabo Pulmo National Park, Mexico, one of the best examples of how proper management can stem declines in grouper populations and ensure healthy breading groups. Photo: Octavio Aburto/iLCPluxury restaurant trade. Groupers are the foundation of the US$ 750 million international live reef fish market centered in Hong Kong and growing in mainland China, where consumers are ready to pay over US$ 200 per kilogram of the species. They are also important food fish in developing countries like Indonesia and the Philippines, where pressure to export reef fish is growing, according to the study.

Groupers are among those species that are most vulnerable to fishing because of their longevity, late sexual maturation and the fact that many form large mating groups known as ‘spawning aggregations’. Despite their economic importance, few grouper fisheries are regularly monitored or managed, and many are in decline.

In the US Caribbean, the Nassau Grouper (Epinephelus striatus), which is commonly fished during its brief aggregation periods, has been essentially wiped out. Of the several dozen well-documented breeding grounds, only two continue to support large numbers of the species, and these have also been considerably reduced. In Southeast Asia and the Pacific, several species are considered to be threatened by the international trade, including the Square-tailed Coral Grouper (Plectropomus areolatus), also often taken from its spawning aggregations.

Square-tailed Coral Grouper (Plectropomus areolatus). Photo: Jack Randall“Overfishing is like mismanaging a bank account,” says Matthew Craig, Co-Chair of the IUCN SSC Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group and one of the authors of the report. “The current fish population is our principle balance, hopefully earning interest in the form of new fish born. If those initial assets are continually withdrawn faster than the interest accumulates, the principle, Camouflage Grouper (Epinephelus polyphekadion) in a spawning aggregation. Photo: Yvonne Sadovythat is the fish out there now, will be quickly depleted. It’s easy to see how rapidly we could lose all the money, or in this case, all of the fish.”

Improved management by source countries with priority given to local food security considerations, as well as better monitoring and control of international trade are urgently needed to reduce threats to these species, according to the authors.

The study, Fishing groupers towards extinction: a global assessment of threats and extinction risks in a billion dollar fishery, was published in the journal Fish and Fisheries. It is based on data accumulated by experts over a period of 20 years.

 

For more information or to set up interviews, please contact:

Ewa Magiera, IUCN Media Relations
m +41 79 856 76 26
ewa.magiera@iucn.org

Lynne Labanne, IUCN Global Species Programme
m +41 79 527 7221
lynne.labanne@iucn.org

 

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