Epioblasma propinqua
Taxonomy [top]
| Kingdom | Phylum | Class | Order | Family |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ANIMALIA | MOLLUSCA | BIVALVIA | UNIONOIDA | UNIONIDAE |
| Scientific Name: | Epioblasma propinqua | |||
| Species Authority: | (I. Lea, 1857) | |||
Common Name/s:
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| Synonym/s: |
Dysnomia propinqua I. Lea, 1857
Plagiola propinqua (I. Lea, 1857)
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| Taxonomic Notes: | This species was historically placed in the genera Dysnomia and Plagiola (Johnson 1978). This species is currently place in the genus Epioblasma (Williams et al. 2008). A list of synonyms for this species can be found on The MUSSEL project web site (Graf and Cummings 2011). |
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Assessment Information [top]
| Red List Category & Criteria: | Extinct ver 3.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Year Published: | 2011 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Assessor/s: | Cummings, K. & Cordeiro, J. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Reviewer/s: | Bohm, M & Collen, B. | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Contributor/s: | Dyer, E., Soulsby, A.-M., Whitton, F., McGuinness, S., De Silva, R., Milligan, HT, Kasthala, G., Herdson, R., Thorley, J., McMillan, K. & Collins, A. | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Justification: Epioblasma propinqua has been assessed as Extinct, as it was last collected in 1901 and has not been recorded since. |
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| History: |
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Geographic Range [top]
| Range Description: | This species is globally extinct. It was found historically in the lower Clinch and Holston Rivers and in the Tennessee River downstream from Knoxville to Muscle Shoals, northwestern Alabama, and was known from the Cumberland River at Nashville, Tennessee, the Wabash River at New Harmony, Indiana, and from the Ohio River at Cincinnati, Ohio (Parmalee and Bogan 1998). In Alabama, it historically occurred throughout the Tennessee River in Alabama, but has not been reported since the river was impounded (Mirarchi 2004). In Tennessee, it was formerly collected in the lower Clinch River and lower Holston River from Knoxville to the Tennessee/Alabama border. It was also known historically from the Cumberland River at Nashville and probably occurred throughout the mainstem of the Cumberland River (Parmalee and Bogan 1998). In Kentucky, it formerly occurred in the Ohio River (Cicerello and Schuster 2003). In Illinois, it occurred in the Middle Wabash, Little Vermillion, Little Wabash, and Lower Wabash drainages (Cummings et al. 1988, 1991). In Ohio, it was reported from Cincinnati in the Ohio River (Johnson 1978). It was also known from the Wabash River at New Harmony, Indiana (Johnson 1978). |
| Countries: |
Regionally extinct:
United States (Alabama, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, Tennessee)
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| Range Map: | Click here to open the map viewer and explore range. |
Population [top]
| Population: | It historically occurred in the Tennessee River across northern Alabama and disappeared soon after impoundment of the Tennessee River, with the most recent material dating from 1901 (Williams et al. 2008). Morrison (1942) suggested the species may have begun its decline prehistorically, based on diminishing numbers in archaeological middens over time. |
Habitat and Ecology [top]
| Habitat and Ecology: | This species occurred in shoal habitat of large rivers (Parmalee and Bogan 1998). |
| Systems: | Freshwater |
Threats [top]
| Major Threat(s): | This species presumably became extinct due to habitat loss and degradation (A. Bogan pers. comm. 2010). |
Conservation Actions [top]
| Conservation Actions: | Williams et al. (in press) lists this species as extinct according to the AFS assessment. |
Bibliography [top]
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Cicerello, R.R. and Schuster, G.A. 2003. A guide to the freshwater mussels of Kentucky. Kentucky State Nature Preserves Commission Scientific and Technical Series 7(1-62). Cummings, K.S. 1991. The aquatic mollusca of Illinois. Illinois Natural History Survey bulletin 34: 428-438. Cummings, K.S., Mayer, C.A. and Page, L.M. 1988. Survey of the freshwater mussels (Mollusca: Unionidae) of the Wabash River drainage, phase II: upper and middle Wabash River. Section of Faunistic Survey and Insect Identification. Illinois Natural History Survey. Graf, D.L. and Cummings, K.S. 2011. The MUSSEL Project Database: MUSSELp. Available at: www.mussel-project.net. (Accessed: 18/08/2011). IUCN. 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (ver. 2011.2). Available at: http://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 10 November 2011). Johnson, R.D. 1978. Systematics and zoogeography of Plagiola (Dysonomia, Epioblasma) an almost extinct genus of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) from middle North America. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 148: 239-320. Mirarchi, R.E., Bailey, M.A., Garner, J.T., Haggerty, T.M., Best, T.L., Mettee, M.F. and O'Neil, P. 2004. Alabama Wildlife. Volume Four: Conservation and Management Recommendations for Imperiled Wildlife. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa, Alabama. Morrison, J.P.E. 1942. Preliminary report on mollusks found in the shell mounds of the Pickwidk Landing basin in the Tennessee River valley. Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 129: 339-392. Parmalee P.W. and Bogan A.E. 1998. The Freshwater Mussels of Tennessee. University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville Tennessee. Williams, J.D., Bogan, A.E. and Garner, J.T. 2008. Freshwater Mussels of Alabama and the Mobile Basin in Georgia, Mississippi and Tennessee. University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa, Alabama. Williams, J.D., Warren, M.L.Jr., Cummings, K.S., Harris, J.L. and Neves, R.J. in press. Conservation status of freshwater mussels of North America and Mexico. |
| Citation: | Cummings, K. & Cordeiro, J. 2011. Epioblasma propinqua. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 25 May 2012. |
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