Bolitoglossa orestes

Taxonomy

Assessment Information

Geographic Range

Population

Habitat and Ecology

Threats

Conservation Actions

Bibliography

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Taxonomy [top]

Kingdom	Phylum	Class	Order	Family
ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	AMPHIBIA	CAUDATA	PLETHODONTIDAE

Scientific Name:

Bolitoglossa orestes

Species Authority:

Brame and Wake, 1962

Common Name/s:

Spanish

–

Salamandra Meridena

Assessment Information [top]

Red List Category & Criteria:	Vulnerable D2 ver 3.1
Year Published:	2004
Assessor/s:	Enrique La Marca, Juan Elías García-Pérez
Reviewer/s:	Global Amphibian Assessment Coordinating Team (Simon Stuart, Janice Chanson, Neil Cox and Bruce Young)
Justification: Listed as Vulnerable because it is known from fewer than five locations.

Geographic Range [top]

Range Description:	This species is restricted to cloud forests in the vicinity of Mérida city, in Mérida state, Venezuela. It has been recorded from 2,000-3,500m asl (Brame and Wake 1962).
Countries:	Native: Venezuela
Range Map:	Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.

Population [top]

Population:	It is not a common species.
Population Trend:	Stable

Habitat and Ecology [top]

Habitat and Ecology:	It is restricted to cloud forests, and breeds by direct development.
Systems:	Terrestrial

Threats [top]

Major Threat(s):	Some populations might be affected by logging and agriculture; however, much of its habitat is conserved in protected areas.

Major Threat(s):

Some populations might be affected by logging and agriculture; however, much of its habitat is conserved in protected areas.

Conservation Actions [top]

Conservation Actions:	It is found in Parque Nacional Sierra de la Culata and Parque Nacional Sierra Nevada. It is listed as an endangered species in the Venezuelan Red Data Book.

Conservation Actions:

It is found in Parque Nacional Sierra de la Culata and Parque Nacional Sierra Nevada. It is listed as an endangered species in the Venezuelan Red Data Book.

Bibliography [top]

	Barrio Amorós, C.L. 2004. Amphibians of Venezuela Systematic List, Distribution and References, An Update. Review of Ecology in Latin America: 1-48. Barrio-Amoros, C.L. and Fuentes-Ramos, O. 1999. Bolitoglossa spongai una nueva especie de salamandra (Caudata: Plethodontidae) de los Andes Venezolanos, con comentarios sobre el genero en Venezuela. Acta Biologica Venezuelica: 9-19. Brame, A.H. and Wake, D.B. 1962. A new plethodontid salamander (genus Bolitoglossa) from Venezuela with redescription of the Ecuadorian Bolitoglossa palmata (Werner). Copeia: 171-177. Brame, A.H. and Wake, D.B. 1963. The salamanders of South America. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County - Contributions in Science: 1-72. IUCN. 2004. 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 23 November 2004. La Marca, E. 1994. Proyecto EVE (Especies Venezolanas en vías de Extinción). Anuario de Investigación 1991: 75-76. Péfaur, J.E. and Rivero, J.A. 2000. Distribution, species-richness, endemism, and conservation of Venezuelan amphibians and reptiles. Amphibian and Reptile Conservation: 42-70. Schargel, W.E., Garcia-Perez, J.E. and Smith, E.N. 2002. A new species of Bolitoglossa (Caudata: Plethodontidae) from the Cordillera de Merida, Venezuela. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington: 534-542. Vial, J.L. and Saylor, L. 1993. The status of amphibian populations. A compilation and analysis. IUCN/SSC Declining Amphibian Population Task Force. Working Document No. 1: iii + 98 pp.

Barrio Amorós, C.L. 2004. Amphibians of Venezuela Systematic List, Distribution and References, An Update. Review of Ecology in Latin America: 1-48.

Barrio-Amoros, C.L. and Fuentes-Ramos, O. 1999. Bolitoglossa spongai una nueva especie de salamandra (Caudata: Plethodontidae) de los Andes Venezolanos, con comentarios sobre el genero en Venezuela. Acta Biologica Venezuelica: 9-19.

Brame, A.H. and Wake, D.B. 1962. A new plethodontid salamander (genus Bolitoglossa) from Venezuela with redescription of the Ecuadorian Bolitoglossa palmata (Werner). Copeia: 171-177.

Brame, A.H. and Wake, D.B. 1963. The salamanders of South America. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County - Contributions in Science: 1-72.

IUCN. 2004. 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 23 November 2004.

La Marca, E. 1994. Proyecto EVE (Especies Venezolanas en vías de Extinción). Anuario de Investigación 1991: 75-76.

Péfaur, J.E. and Rivero, J.A. 2000. Distribution, species-richness, endemism, and conservation of Venezuelan amphibians and reptiles. Amphibian and Reptile Conservation: 42-70.

Schargel, W.E., Garcia-Perez, J.E. and Smith, E.N. 2002. A new species of Bolitoglossa (Caudata: Plethodontidae) from the Cordillera de Merida, Venezuela. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington: 534-542.

Vial, J.L. and Saylor, L. 1993. The status of amphibian populations. A compilation and analysis. IUCN/SSC Declining Amphibian Population Task Force. Working Document No. 1: iii + 98 pp.

Citation:	Enrique La Marca, Juan Elías García-Pérez 2004. Bolitoglossa orestes. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 25 May 2012.
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