Incilius peripatetes

Taxonomy

Assessment Information

Geographic Range

Population

Habitat and Ecology

Threats

Conservation Actions

Bibliography

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Taxonomy [top]

Kingdom	Phylum	Class	Order	Family
ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	AMPHIBIA	ANURA	BUFONIDAE

Scientific Name:	Incilius peripatetes
Species Authority:	(Savage, 1972)
Synonym/s:	Bufo peripatetes Savage, 1972

Assessment Information [top]

Red List Category & Criteria:	Critically Endangered A3ce ver 3.1
Year Published:	2004
Assessor/s:	Frank Solís, Roberto Ibáñez, César Jaramillo, Querube Fuenmayor, Karen Lips
Reviewer/s:	Global Amphibian Assessment Coordinating Team (Simon Stuart, Janice Chanson, Neil Cox and Bruce Young)
Justification: Listed as Critically Endangered because of a projected population decline, estimated to be more than 80% over the next ten years, inferred from declines in closely related high altitude Bufo species from Costa Rica, probably due to chytridiomycosis.

Geographic Range [top]

Range Description:	This species is known only from two sites: Parque Internacional La Amistad, a transboundary protected area between Costa Rica and Panama, and Cerro Bollo, in the western central cordillera of Panama. It has been recorded at 1,500-1,856m asl.
Countries:	Native: Panama
Range Map:	Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.

Population [top]

Population:	There is no information available on the population size or abundance of this species. It can still be found above Boquete on the trail to Almirante and Cerro Bollo on the border between Chiriquí and Bocas del Toro Provinces.
Population Trend:	Decreasing

Habitat and Ecology [top]

Habitat and Ecology:	This is a largely unknown terrestrial species of tropical montane forest. There is no information available on reproduction or breeding habitats, though it presumably takes place in water. Assuming that it is similar to Incilius fastidiosus and I. holdridgei, it is likely to emerge unpredictably to breed, and is probably very hard to find.
Systems:	Terrestrial; Freshwater

Threats [top]

Major Threat(s):	The closely related species Incilius fastidiosus and I. holdridgei have both declined dramatically, probably due to chytridiomycosis, and are now possibly extinct. This disease must be considered a very serious threat to I. peripatetes as well, and the disease has already passed through the range of this species. Destruction of available forest habitat (generally caused by the driving of cattle through La Amistad) is a threat to the species.

Major Threat(s):

The closely related species Incilius fastidiosus and I. holdridgei have both declined dramatically, probably due to chytridiomycosis, and are now possibly extinct. This disease must be considered a very serious threat to I. peripatetes as well, and the disease has already passed through the range of this species. Destruction of available forest habitat (generally caused by the driving of cattle through La Amistad) is a threat to the species.

Conservation Actions [top]

Conservation Actions:	There are no specific conservation measures currently in place, but further research is needed into the range, ecology, and population status of this species. In view of the threat of chytridiomycosis, the status of this species should be closely monitored, and an ex-situ population should be established.

Conservation Actions:

There are no specific conservation measures currently in place, but further research is needed into the range, ecology, and population status of this species. In view of the threat of chytridiomycosis, the status of this species should be closely monitored, and an ex-situ population should be established.

Bibliography [top]

	Ibáñez, R., Solís, F., Jaramillo, C. and Rand, S. 2000. An overwiew of the herpetology of Panama. In: Johnson, J.D., Webb, R.G. and Flores-Villela, O.A. (eds), Mesoamerican Herpetology: Systematics, Zoogeography and Conservation, pp. 159-170. The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas. IUCN. 2004. 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 23 November 2004. Savage, J.M. 1972. The systematic status of Bufo simus O. Schmidt with description of a new toad from western Panama. Journal of Herpetology: 25-33. Savage, J.M. and Donnelly, M.A. 1992. The second collection of, and variation in the rare Neotropical toad Bufo peripatetes. Journal of Herpetology: 72-74. Young, B., Sedaghatkish, G., Roca, E. and Fuenmayor, Q. 1999. El Estatus de la Conservación de la Herpetofauna de Panamá: Resumen del Primer Taller Internacional sobre la Herpetofauna de Panamá. The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, Virginia.

Ibáñez, R., Solís, F., Jaramillo, C. and Rand, S. 2000. An overwiew of the herpetology of Panama. In: Johnson, J.D., Webb, R.G. and Flores-Villela, O.A. (eds), Mesoamerican Herpetology: Systematics, Zoogeography and Conservation, pp. 159-170. The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas.

IUCN. 2004. 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 23 November 2004.

Savage, J.M. 1972. The systematic status of Bufo simus O. Schmidt with description of a new toad from western Panama. Journal of Herpetology: 25-33.

Savage, J.M. and Donnelly, M.A. 1992. The second collection of, and variation in the rare Neotropical toad Bufo peripatetes. Journal of Herpetology: 72-74.

Young, B., Sedaghatkish, G., Roca, E. and Fuenmayor, Q. 1999. El Estatus de la Conservación de la Herpetofauna de Panamá: Resumen del Primer Taller Internacional sobre la Herpetofauna de Panamá. The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, Virginia.

Citation:	Frank Solís, Roberto Ibáñez, César Jaramillo, Querube Fuenmayor, Karen Lips 2004. Incilius peripatetes. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 25 May 2012.
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