Callibella humilis

Taxonomy

Assessment Information

Geographic Range

Population

Habitat and Ecology

Threats

Conservation Actions

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Taxonomy [top]

Kingdom	Phylum	Class	Order	Family
ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	PRIMATES	CALLITRICHIDAE

Scientific Name:

Callibella humilis

Species Authority:

(M. van Roosmalen, T. van Roosmalen, R.A. Mittermeier & de Fonseca, 1998)

Common Name/s:

English	–	Black-crowned Dwarf Marmoset, Roosmalen's Dwarf Marmoset
Spanish	–	Sagüi

Synonym/s:

Callithrix humilis M. van Roosmalen, T. van Roosmalen, R.A. Mittermeier and de Fonseca, 1998

Mico humilis (M. van Roosmalen, T. van Roosmalen, R.A. Mittermeier & de Fonseca, 1998)

Taxonomic Notes:

Previously included in the genus Callithrix (see Rylands et al. 2000, 2008). Groves (2001, 2005) lists this species as Callithrix (Callibella) humilis. This marmoset is very distinct, intermediate in size between the Pygmy Marmoset and other Amazonian marmosets. Morphological and genetic studies argued for its placement in a separate genus (Aguiar and Lacher Jr. 2003, van Roosmalen and van Roosmalen 2003).

Assessment Information [top]

Red List Category & Criteria:

Vulnerable D2 ver 3.1

Year Assessed:

2008

Assessor/s

Mittermeier, R.A. & Rylands, A.B.

Evaluator/s:

Mittermeier, R.A., Rylands, A.B. (Primate Red List Authority) & Hoffmann, M. (Global Mammal Assessment Team)

Justification:
Listed as Vulnerable as the species is confined to a very small unprotected range where they may be susceptible to potential future habitat loss from agricultural expansion.

History:

2003

–

Least Concern (IUCN 2003)

Geographic Range [top]

Range Description:	According to Van Roosmalen et al. (1998) and Van Roosmalen and Van Roosmalen (2003), the Black-crowned Dwarf Marmoset has a very restricted range along the west bank of the Rio Aripuanã, from its mouth, just south-west of the town of Novo Aripuanã, south at least to the village of Tucunaré, and west, along the right bank of the Rio Madeira to the mouth of the Rio Mataurá, and the right bank of the Rio Uruá. They speculated that the southern limit is probably marked by the headwaters of the Rios Mariepauá and Arauá. An isolated population was also found along the middle Rio Atininga, about 50 km south-west of the presumed southern limit of the main population, about 10 km east of the Rio Manicoré. The range of Callibella humilis is entirely within that hypothesized for Mico manicorensis.
Countries:	Native: Brazil (Amazonas)
Range Map:	(click map to view full version)

Population [top]

Population:	Van Roosmalen and Van Roosmalen (2003) estimated a total population of about 10,000 individuals.
Population Trend:	Stable

Habitat and Ecology [top]

Habitat and Ecology:	This species occurs in terra firma rainforest in the central Amazon. It is an adaptable species, found in edge habitats near villages. Van Roosmalen and Van Roosmalen (2003) indicated that the species shows an extreme commensalism with humans and is "almost totally dependent for survival on multi-species managed forests, fruit orchards and gardens growing on so-called terras pretas (anthropogenic soils, or 'black earth'). Sympatric with Mico manicorensis. Its diet includes insects, fruits and gums. Tree-gouging and gum-feeding is as important in this species as it is in the smaller, allopatric Cebuella, and especially important in the dry season when fruits are scarce (Van Roosmalen and Van Roosmalen 2003). Average groups are made up of 6-8 individuals, but group aggregations have been observed with over 30 individuals (Van Roosmalen and Van Roosmalen 2003). Unlike the norm for callitrichids, observations in the wild indicate that more than one female is reproductively active in each group. Only one offspring has been seen in any one group in the wild, indicating that singleton births, not twins are the norm. Only the mother it seems carries the young (cooperative breeding not observed). Body weight 150 g. Size: Female H&B 16.7 cm, TL 22.0 cm. Size: Male H&B 16.1 cm, TL 20.9 cm.
Systems:	Terrestrial

Habitat and Ecology:

This species occurs in terra firma rainforest in the central Amazon. It is an adaptable species, found in edge habitats near villages. Van Roosmalen and Van Roosmalen (2003) indicated that the species shows an extreme commensalism with humans and is "almost totally dependent for survival on multi-species managed forests, fruit orchards and gardens growing on so-called terras pretas (anthropogenic soils, or 'black earth'). Sympatric with Mico manicorensis.

Its diet includes insects, fruits and gums. Tree-gouging and gum-feeding is as important in this species as it is in the smaller, allopatric Cebuella, and especially important in the dry season when fruits are scarce (Van Roosmalen and Van Roosmalen 2003).

Average groups are made up of 6-8 individuals, but group aggregations have been observed with over 30 individuals (Van Roosmalen and Van Roosmalen 2003). Unlike the norm for callitrichids, observations in the wild indicate that more than one female is reproductively active in each group. Only one offspring has been seen in any one group in the wild, indicating that singleton births, not twins are the norm. Only the mother it seems carries the young (cooperative breeding not observed).

Body weight 150 g.
Size: Female H&B 16.7 cm, TL 22.0 cm.
Size: Male H&B 16.1 cm, TL 20.9 cm.

Systems:

Terrestrial

Threats [top]

Major Threat(s):	There is no evidence of any major threats at present. However, its habitat is potentially vulnerable to destruction for agriculture. They are probably not hunted, though there may be some use as pets.

Major Threat(s):

There is no evidence of any major threats at present. However, its habitat is potentially vulnerable to destruction for agriculture. They are probably not hunted, though there may be some use as pets.

Conservation Actions [top]

Conservation Actions:	There are no protected areas within the range of this species.

Conservation Actions:

There are no protected areas within the range of this species.

Citation:	Mittermeier, R.A. & Rylands, A.B. 2008. Callibella humilis. In: IUCN 2009. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2009.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 09 February 2010.
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