Callicebus ornatus

Taxonomy

Assessment Information

Geographic Range

Population

Habitat and Ecology

Threats

Conservation Actions

Taxonomy [top]

Kingdom	Phylum	Class	Order	Family
ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	MAMMALIA	PRIMATES	PITHECIIDAE

Scientific Name:

Callicebus ornatus

Species Authority:

(Gray, 1866)

Common Name/s:

English

–

Ornate Tití Monkey, Ornate Titi Monkey

Synonym/s:

Callicebus cupreus ssp. ornatus (Gray, 1866)

Taxonomic Notes:

Kobayashi and Langguth (1999) and van Roosmalen et al. (2002) recognize five species groups – cupreus, donacophilus, moloch, personatus and torquatus. According to van Roosmalen et al. (2002), the cupreus group contains C. caligatus, C. cupreus, C. discolor, C. dubius, C. ornatus, and C. stephennashi.

Assessment Information [top]

Red List Category & Criteria:

Vulnerable A2c; B1ab(ii,iii) ver 3.1

Year Assessed:

2008

Assessor/s

Veiga. L. M. & Palacios, E.

Evaluator/s:

Mittermeier, R.A. & Rylands, A.B. (Primate Red List Authority)

Justification:
Listed as Vulnerable in light of a continued decline inferred from more than a 30% loss of habitat in the past 3 generations (24 years) due to deforestation from illicit crops and expanding human settlements. In addition, the extent of occurrence for the species approximates 20,000 km², is severely fragmented, and there is a continuing decline in area of occupancy and habitat quality.

History:

2003	–	Vulnerable (IUCN 2003)
2000	–	Vulnerable
1996	–	Vulnerable
1996	–	Vulnerable (Baillie and Groombridge 1996)
1994	–	Vulnerable (IUCN)

Geographic Range [top]

Range Description:	This species occurs in eastern Colombia, in the department of Cundinamarca (Medina) north as far as the lower Río Upía/Río Meta, and south into the department of Meta, along the base of the Cordillera Oriental and the Sierra de la Macarena to the Río Guayabero/upper Río Guaviare. It is the only member of the cupreus and moloch group occurring north of the Rios Amazonas/Solimões/Napo axis, in the upper Río Orinoco basin and is separated from the nearest other member of the cupreus group (Callicebus discolor) in the south by at least 350 km (van Roosmalen et al. 2002).
Countries:	Native: Colombia
Range Map:	(click map to view full version)

Population [top]

Population:	Robinson (1977) recorded a population density of 5 individuals/km².
Population Trend:	Decreasing

Habitat and Ecology [top]

Habitat and Ecology:	Titi monkeys (Callicebus spp.) are known to occur in a wide range of habitats, although some species exhibit habitat preferences, for example C. lucifer is reported to prefer white-sand forests (E. Heymann pers. comm. 2008), and C. donacophilus drier forests (Ferrari et al. 2000; R. Wallace pers. comm.). Members of the C. moloch and C. cupreus groups are considered tolerant of habitat disturbance caused by human activity or seasonal flooding (van Roosmalen et al. 2002). Callicebus ornatus typically occurs in lowland tropical forests (canopy 15-20 m) (Defler 2004) and disturbed habitats (Mason 1968). The ecology of this species has been studied in the department of Meta by Mason (1965, 1966a, 1966b, 1968, 1971) and Robinson (1977, 1979a, 1979b, 1981, 1982a,b). Polanco (1992) and Porras (2000) studied a population near the Duda River.
Systems:	Terrestrial

Habitat and Ecology:

Titi monkeys (Callicebus spp.) are known to occur in a wide range of habitats, although some species exhibit habitat preferences, for example C. lucifer is reported to prefer white-sand forests (E. Heymann pers. comm. 2008), and C. donacophilus drier forests (Ferrari et al. 2000; R. Wallace pers. comm.). Members of the C. moloch and C. cupreus groups are considered tolerant of habitat disturbance caused by human activity or seasonal flooding (van Roosmalen et al. 2002). Callicebus ornatus typically occurs in lowland tropical forests (canopy 15-20 m) (Defler 2004) and disturbed habitats (Mason 1968).

The ecology of this species has been studied in the department of Meta by Mason (1965, 1966a, 1966b, 1968, 1971) and Robinson (1977, 1979a, 1979b, 1981, 1982a,b). Polanco (1992) and Porras (2000) studied a population near the Duda River.

Systems:

Terrestrial

Threats [top]

Major Threat(s):	This species occurs in an area subject to intense human colonization that has been subject to widespread habitat destruction and fragmentation.

Major Threat(s):

This species occurs in an area subject to intense human colonization that has been subject to widespread habitat destruction and fragmentation.

Conservation Actions [top]

Conservation Actions:	This species occurs in La Macarena National Park and Tinigua National Park. Although some populations are found within protected areas, guerilla activity makes it difficult to monitor these areas (T. Defler, pers comm.).

Conservation Actions:

This species occurs in La Macarena National Park and Tinigua National Park. Although some populations are found within protected areas, guerilla activity makes it difficult to monitor these areas (T. Defler, pers comm.).

Citation:	Veiga. L. M. & Palacios, E. 2008. Callicebus ornatus. In: IUCN 2009. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2009.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 21 November 2009.
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