Aphanius iberus

Taxonomy

Assessment Information

Geographic Range

Population

Habitat and Ecology

Threats

Conservation Actions

Bibliography

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Taxonomy [top]

Kingdom	Phylum	Class	Order	Family
ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	ACTINOPTERYGII	CYPRINODONTIFORMES	CYPRINODONTIDAE

Scientific Name:

Aphanius iberus

Species Authority:

Valenciennes, 1846

Common Name/s:

English

–

Spanish Toothcarp

Assessment Information [top]

Red List Category & Criteria:

Endangered A2ce ver 3.1

Year Published:

2006

Assessor/s:

Crivelli, A.J.

Reviewer/s:

Carmona, J. & Darwall, W. (Mediterranean Workshop, Dec. 2004)

Justification:
It is estimated that A. iberus has undergone a population decline of at least 50% in the past 10 years due to pollution and introduced fish (Carmona, J. pers comm). The area of occupancy (AOO) is less than 500 km², is fragmented and is in decline due to pollution and habitat destruction. This species is also in continuous decline with subpopulations regularly disappearing. Although a reintroduction programme using captive stock might help this species to recover, the threats will still be present.

History:

1996	–	Data Deficient
1994	–	Endangered (Groombridge 1994)

Geographic Range [top]

Range Description:	It is restricted to the Mediterranean coast of Spain and north-western Algeria. It is believed that the Algerian population is a separate species, but not yet described.
Countries:	Native: Spain Presence uncertain: Algeria
Range Map:	Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.

Population [top]

Population:	Decreasing.
Population Trend:	Decreasing

Habitat and Ecology [top]

Habitat and Ecology:	It is a ubiquitous and short-lived species that can withstand wide salinity and temperature ranges. It lives mainly in salty lagoons where Gambusia and Fundulus are absent
Systems:	Freshwater

Threats [top]

Major Threat(s):	Habitat destruction, drought, water pollution and introduction of exotic fish species.

Major Threat(s):

Habitat destruction, drought, water pollution and introduction of exotic fish species.

Conservation Actions [top]

Conservation Actions:	It is listed in the Annex II of the European Union Habitat Directive and in the Appendix II and III of the Bern Convention.

Conservation Actions:

It is listed in the Annex II of the European Union Habitat Directive and in the Appendix II and III of the Bern Convention.

Bibliography [top]

	Baillie, J. and Groombridge, B. 1996. 1996 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. International Union for Conservation of Nature, Gland, Switzerland. Doadrio, I. 2001. Atlas y libro rojo de los peces continentale de Espana. Madrid MMA, CSIC. Doadrio, I., Perdices, A. and Machordom, A. 1996. Allozymic variation of the endangered killifish Aphanius iberus and its application to conservation. Environmental Biology of Fishes 45: 259–271. Groombridge, B. (ed.). 1994. 1994 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. Hrbek, T. and Meyer, A. 2003. Closing of the Tethys Sea and the phylogeny of Eurasian killifishes (Cyprinodontiformes: Cyprinodontidae). Journal of Evolutionary Biology 16: 17–36. IUCN. 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 04 May 2006. Perdices, A., Carmona, J.A., Fernandez-Delgado, C. and Doadrio, I. 2001. Nuclear and mitochondrial data reveal high genetic divergence among Atlantic and Mediterranean populations of the Iberian killifish Aphanius iberus (Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae). Heredity 87: 314–324. Vargas, M.J. and de Sostoa, A. 1997. Life-history pattern of the Iberian toothcarp Aphanius iberus (Pisces, Cyprinodontidae) from a Mediterranean estuary, the Ebro delta (Spain). Netherlands Journal of Zoology 47: 143–160.

Baillie, J. and Groombridge, B. 1996. 1996 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. International Union for Conservation of Nature, Gland, Switzerland.

Doadrio, I. 2001. Atlas y libro rojo de los peces continentale de Espana. Madrid MMA, CSIC.

Doadrio, I., Perdices, A. and Machordom, A. 1996. Allozymic variation of the endangered killifish Aphanius iberus and its application to conservation. Environmental Biology of Fishes 45: 259–271.

Groombridge, B. (ed.). 1994. 1994 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.

Hrbek, T. and Meyer, A. 2003. Closing of the Tethys Sea and the phylogeny of Eurasian killifishes (Cyprinodontiformes: Cyprinodontidae). Journal of Evolutionary Biology 16: 17–36.

IUCN. 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 04 May 2006.

Perdices, A., Carmona, J.A., Fernandez-Delgado, C. and Doadrio, I. 2001. Nuclear and mitochondrial data reveal high genetic divergence among Atlantic and Mediterranean populations of the Iberian killifish Aphanius iberus (Teleostei: Cyprinodontidae). Heredity 87: 314–324.

Vargas, M.J. and de Sostoa, A. 1997. Life-history pattern of the Iberian toothcarp Aphanius iberus (Pisces, Cyprinodontidae) from a Mediterranean estuary, the Ebro delta (Spain). Netherlands Journal of Zoology 47: 143–160.

Citation:	Crivelli, A.J. 2006. Aphanius iberus. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 25 May 2012.
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