Amphilophus zaliosus

Taxonomy

Assessment Information

Geographic Range

Population

Habitat and Ecology

Threats

Conservation Actions

Bibliography

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Taxonomy [top]

Kingdom	Phylum	Class	Order	Family
ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	ACTINOPTERYGII	PERCIFORMES	CICHLIDAE

Scientific Name:

Amphilophus zaliosus

Species Authority:

(Barlow, 1976)

Common Name/s:

English	–	Arrow Cichlid
Spanish	–	Mojarra Flecha

Synonym/s:

Cichlasoma zaliosum Barlow, 1976

Assessment Information [top]

Red List Category & Criteria:	Critically Endangered B1ab(iii,v) ver 3.1
Year Published:	2009
Assessor/s:	Snoeks, J., Laleye, P. & Contreras-MacBeath, T.
Reviewer/s:	Collen, B., Darwall, W., Ram, M. & Smith, K. (SRLI Freshwater Fish Evaluation Workshop)
Justification: A. zaliosus exists at only one location, Lake Apoyo, which covers an area of 21.2 km². In addition to this, due to an introduced species in Lake Apoyo, and increasing incidences of parasites in the native fish of the lake, it is suspected that A. zaliosus is being negatively impacted by a continuing decline in habitat quality, and the number of mature individuals in the population.

Geographic Range [top]

Range Description:	This species is endemic to Lake Apoyo on the Atlantic slope of Nicaragua. Lake Apoyo covers an area of 21.2 km².
Countries:	Native: Nicaragua (Nicaragua (mainland))
Range Map:	Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.

Population [top]

Population:	The global population is decreasing, although detailed numbers are lacking.
Population Trend:	Decreasing

Habitat and Ecology [top]

Habitat and Ecology:	A. zaliosus is a benthopelagic species.
Systems:	Freshwater

Threats [top]

Major Threat(s):	The significant presence of an introduced species, the Nile tilapia (O. niloticus), in Lake Apoyo from early 1990s, is posing a threat to native species of the lake, by occupying sites that some of the native species have been using for reproduction and food. In addition, there are increasing incidences of parasites among many of the fish in Lake Apoyo. Researchers suspect that tilapia is the vector for the parasite (Canonico et al. 2005).

Major Threat(s):

The significant presence of an introduced species, the Nile tilapia (O. niloticus), in Lake Apoyo from early 1990s, is posing a threat to native species of the lake, by occupying sites that some of the native species have been using for reproduction and food. In addition, there are increasing incidences of parasites among many of the fish in Lake Apoyo. Researchers suspect that tilapia is the vector for the parasite (Canonico et al. 2005).

Conservation Actions [top]

Conservation Actions:	Basic research actions are needed into the species life histories: biology, habitat status and population range. Currently, being know from one location only that is under threat from invasive species, the establishment and maintenance of protected areas are required for the survival of this species.

Conservation Actions:

Basic research actions are needed into the species life histories: biology, habitat status and population range. Currently, being know from one location only that is under threat from invasive species, the establishment and maintenance of protected areas are required for the survival of this species.

Bibliography [top]

	Canonico, G.C., Arthington, A., McCrary, J.K. and Thieme, M L. 2005. The effects of introduced tilapias on native biodiversity. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 15(5): 463 -483. Conkel, D. 1993. Cichlids of North and Central America. T.F.H. Publications, Inc, Neptune City, New Jersey, USA. Froese, R. and Pauly, D. 2006. FishBase. Available at: www.fishbase.org. Gutiérrez, A.T. and Reaser, J.K. 2005. Linkages Between Development Assistance and Invasive Alien Species in Freshwater Systems in Southeast Asia. A Report & Resource Guide for the U.S. Agency for International Development. USAID Asia and Near East Bureau, Washington, DC. IUCN. 2009. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (ver. 2009.2). Available at: www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 3 November 2009). Kullander, S.O. 2003. Cichlidae (Cichlids). In: R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds), Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America, pp. 605-654. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. Robins, C.R., Bailey, R.M., Bond, C.E., Brooker, J.R., Lachner, E.A., Lea, R.N. and Scott, W.B. 1991. World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada.. Varjo, M., Koli, L. and Dahlström, H. 2004. Kalannimiluettelo. Suomen Biologian Seura Vanamo Ry. Wu, H.L., Shao, K.T. and Lai, C.F. 1999. Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan.

Canonico, G.C., Arthington, A., McCrary, J.K. and Thieme, M L. 2005. The effects of introduced tilapias on native biodiversity. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 15(5): 463 -483.

Conkel, D. 1993. Cichlids of North and Central America. T.F.H. Publications, Inc, Neptune City, New Jersey, USA.

Froese, R. and Pauly, D. 2006. FishBase. Available at: www.fishbase.org.

Gutiérrez, A.T. and Reaser, J.K. 2005. Linkages Between Development Assistance and Invasive Alien Species in Freshwater Systems in Southeast Asia. A Report & Resource Guide for the U.S. Agency for International Development. USAID Asia and Near East Bureau, Washington, DC.

IUCN. 2009. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (ver. 2009.2). Available at: www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 3 November 2009).

Kullander, S.O. 2003. Cichlidae (Cichlids). In: R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds), Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America, pp. 605-654. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil.

Robins, C.R., Bailey, R.M., Bond, C.E., Brooker, J.R., Lachner, E.A., Lea, R.N. and Scott, W.B. 1991. World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada..

Varjo, M., Koli, L. and Dahlström, H. 2004. Kalannimiluettelo. Suomen Biologian Seura Vanamo Ry.

Wu, H.L., Shao, K.T. and Lai, C.F. 1999. Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan.

Citation:	Snoeks, J., Laleye, P. & MacBeath, T. 2009. Amphilophus zaliosus. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 24 May 2012.
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