Epinephelus costae
Taxonomy [top]
| Kingdom | Phylum | Class | Order | Family |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ANIMALIA | CHORDATA | ACTINOPTERYGII | PERCIFORMES | SERRANIDAE |
| Scientific Name: | Epinephelus costae | |||||||||
| Species Authority: | Steindachner, 1878 | |||||||||
Common Name/s:
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| Synonym/s: |
Cerna alexandrina (non Valenciennes, 1828)
Cerna catalonica Gilbert, 1913
Cerna chrysotaenia Doderlein, 1882
Epinephelus alexandrinus (non Valenciennes, 1828)
Epinephelus chrysotaenia (Doderlein, 1882)
Epinephelus zaslavskii Poll, 1949
Plectropoma fasciatus Costa, 1844
Serranus chrysotaenia Doderlein, 1882
Serranus costae Steindachner, 1878
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| Taxonomic Notes: | The name Epinephelus alexandrinus (Valenciennes 1828) was used for this species from 1895 to 1988, but this name is incorrect, as the holotype of Serranus alexandrinus Valenciennes is a specimen of Epinephelus fasciatus, a well-known species of the Red Sea and Indo-Pacific area. | |||||||||
Assessment Information [top]
| Red List Category & Criteria: | Data Deficient ver 3.1 |
| Year Assessed: | 2008 |
| Assessor/s | Heemstra, P.C., Rocha, L., Choat, J.H., Craig, M.T., Bertoncini, A.A. & Ferreira, B. |
| Evaluator/s: | Sadovy, Y. & Moss, K. (Grouper and Wrasse Red List Authority) |
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Justification: Although widespread, there is insufficient population and fishery data for making an assessment for Epinephelus costae and the species is, therefore, listed as Data Deficient. |
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Geographic Range [top]
| Range Description: |
General Epinephelus costae is found in the eastern Atlantic from Portugal south to central coastal Angola, including the Cape Verde Islands and the Canary Islands as well as the Mediterranean Sea. Specific Egypt, Israel, Lebanon, Syria, Turkey, Greece, Albania, Italy, France, Spain, Malta, Portugal, Tunisia, Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Western Sahara, Mauritania, Canary Ilands (Spain), Cape Verde Islands, Senegal, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Congo, and Angola. Records of Epinephelus alexandrinus from Madeira (Portugal) are apparently based on misidentifications of Mycteroperca fusca. |
| Countries: |
Native:
Albania; Algeria; Angola; Benin; Cameroon; Cape Verde; Congo; Congo, The Democratic Republic of the; Côte d'Ivoire; Cyprus; Egypt; Equatorial Guinea; France; Gabon; Gambia; Ghana; Gibraltar; Greece; Guinea; Guinea-Bissau; Israel; Italy; Lebanon; Liberia; Libyan Arab Jamahiriya; Malta; Mauritania; Monaco; Morocco; Nigeria; Portugal; Senegal; Sierra Leone; Spain; Syrian Arab Republic; Togo; Tunisia; Turkey; Western Sahara
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| FAO Marine Fishing Areas: |
Native:
Atlantic – northeast; Atlantic – southeast; Atlantic – eastern central; Mediterranean and Black Sea
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Population [top]
| Population: | Epinephelus costae is (or was in the 1970s) evidently fairly common in the Mediterranean and tropical west coast of Africa (Seret 1981). It is also reported as abundant in the vicinity of the Cape Verde Islands. |
| Population Trend: |
Unknown
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Habitat and Ecology [top]
| Habitat and Ecology: |
General Epinephelus costae is a demersal species found on sand, mud or rock bottoms 20 to 80. Juveniles form small groups. Feeding Feeds on crustaceans, mollusks, and fish. Does not adapt well in aquariums. Reproduction Total fecundity for a female of 47 cm standard length was estimated to be 879,000 eggs. Migrates annually to the same site. Aquaculture Eggs and larvae have been reared in laboratory in Croatia and there is an attempt to start large-scale aquaculture (Glamuzina et al. 2005). |
| Systems: | Marine |
Threats [top]
| Major Threat(s): |
General The greatest potential threat to Epinephelus costae is overfishing. Fisheries Epinephelus costae is caught by large and small scale fisheries in Turkey and may be caught incidentally in other fisheries such as trawling, but this need to be confirmed. |
Conservation Actions [top]
| Conservation Actions: |
Nothing specific for Epinephelus costae, although it occurs in a few protected areas in the Mediterranean. More data on fishing pressure as well as population are needed across its range. |
Bibliography [top]
| Citations: |
Bouain, A. 1980. Sexualite et cycle sexuel des merous (Poisson, Teleosteens, Serranides) des Cotes du Sud Tunisien. Bulletin Office National Peches (Tunisia) 4((2)): 215-229. Bouain, A. 1986. Croissance linéaire des mérous du Golfe de Gabes (Tunisie). Cybium 10((3)): 299-302. IUCN. 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Available at: http://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 5 October 2008). |
| Citation: | Heemstra, P.C., Rocha, L., Choat, J.H., Craig, M.T., Bertoncini, A.A. & Ferreira, B. 2008. Epinephelus costae. In: IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 22 March 2010. |
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