Synallaxis kollari

Taxonomy

Assessment Information

Geographic Range

Population

Habitat and Ecology

Threats

Conservation Actions

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Taxonomy [top]

Kingdom	Phylum	Class	Order	Family
ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	AVES	PASSERIFORMES	FURNARIIDAE

Scientific Name:

Synallaxis kollari

Species Authority:

Pelzeln, 1856

Common Name/s:

English

–

Hoary-throated Spinetail

Assessment Information [top]

Red List Category & Criteria:

Endangered B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v) ver 3.1

Year Published:

2008

Assessor/s:

BirdLife International

Reviewer/s:

Mahood, S., Symes, A., Butchart, S.

Contributor/s:

Vale, M., Santos, M., Silveira, L., Whittaker, A.

Justification:
This species has been uplisted to Endangered, because recent field work has revealed that it has a very small occupied range which is severely fragmented, and declining in extent and quality, primarily owing to the replacement of gallery forest with rice plantations.

History:

2005	–	Vulnerable
2004	–	Endangered
2000	–	Endangered
1996	–	Vulnerable
1994	–	Vulnerable
1988	–	Near Threatened

Geographic Range [top]

Range Description:	Synallaxis kollari was, until recently, known from six specimens and a small number of observations along the rio Cotingo, rio Surumu, rio Tacutu, rio Uraricoera and the upper rio Branco in north Roraima, Brazil and adjacent Guyana¹. Although it is locally common, it has a highly fragmented range in patches of suitable habitat which total no more than 206 km²⁸. It was long known only from records (mostly since 1956) on the rio Tacutu within 2 km of the Brazil-Guyana border^1,2,3, but it has subsequently been recorded on the rio Surumu in 1998, the rio Cotingo in 2001⁴, the Ireng river near its confluence with the the Tacutu in 1993-1996⁷, on the east bank of the rio Uraricoera, 45 km north-east of Boa Vista in 2001⁴ and on the rio Parime in 2004⁸. It has been extirpated from the type locality, and it is apparently absent from south of Fortaleza de São Joaquim on the rio Branco³.
Countries:	Native: Brazil; Guyana
Range Map:	Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.

Population [top]

Population:	Vale et al 2007 state that there is 206km2 of suitable habitat, a density of 60 individuals per km2 giviing a population size of c. 5,000
Population Trend:	Decreasing

Habitat and Ecology [top]

Habitat and Ecology:	Most recent observations have been in seasonally flooded riverine forest with an understorey of dense thickets and vines^1,2. The sightings along the rio Uraricoera in 2001 were from riverine thickets that were not subject to annual flooding⁴. Suitable habitat is probably restricted to within 0.5 km² of the rivers³. It has been found in fairly disturbed gallery forest⁹. A bird was seen entering an apparently incomplete nest in July⁴.
Systems:	Terrestrial

Habitat and Ecology:

Most recent observations have been in seasonally flooded riverine forest with an understorey of dense thickets and vines^1,2. The sightings along the rio Uraricoera in 2001 were from riverine thickets that were not subject to annual flooding⁴. Suitable habitat is probably restricted to within 0.5 km² of the rivers³. It has been found in fairly disturbed gallery forest⁹. A bird was seen entering an apparently incomplete nest in July⁴.

Systems:

Terrestrial

Threats [top]

Major Threat(s):	The gallery forests within the species range are being rapidly converted into rice plantations⁸. The rice plantations are concentrated on the margins of the rio Branco's main tributaries and rely heavily on fertilisers, pesticides and herbicides⁸. Bird and fish die-offs have been reported near these plantations⁸. The margins of the rio Tacutu, rio Surumu and rio Mau have been completely converted to rice plantations⁸. Burning of vegetation, such as the fires that spread through Roraima in 1999², may be another major threat.

Major Threat(s):

The gallery forests within the species range are being rapidly converted into rice plantations⁸. The rice plantations are concentrated on the margins of the rio Branco's main tributaries and rely heavily on fertilisers, pesticides and herbicides⁸. Bird and fish die-offs have been reported near these plantations⁸. The margins of the rio Tacutu, rio Surumu and rio Mau have been completely converted to rice plantations⁸. Burning of vegetation, such as the fires that spread through Roraima in 1999², may be another major threat.

Conservation Actions [top]

Conservation Actions:	Conservation Actions Underway Rice producers were evicted from the San Marcos Indigenous Reserve, which is thought to confer some protection for the species⁸. Conservation Actions Proposed Assess the impact of recent fires on the species. Protect known areas along the rio Tacutu. Provide support to indigenous peoples seeking to prevent habitat destruction within thier reserves.

Conservation Actions:

Conservation Actions Underway
Rice producers were evicted from the San Marcos Indigenous Reserve, which is thought to confer some protection for the species⁸.

Conservation Actions Proposed
Assess the impact of recent fires on the species. Protect known areas along the rio Tacutu. Provide support to indigenous peoples seeking to prevent habitat destruction within thier reserves.

Citation:	BirdLife International 2008. Synallaxis kollari. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 24 May 2012.
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