| Kingdom | Phylum | Class | Order | Family |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ANIMALIA | CHORDATA | AVES | PROCELLARIIFORMES | PROCELLARIIDAE |
| Scientific Name: | Puffinus puffinus | ||||||
| Species Authority: | (Brünnich, 1764) | ||||||
Common Name/s:
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| Red List Category & Criteria: | Least Concern ver 3.1 | ||||||
| Year Assessed: | 2009 | ||||||
| Assessor/s: | BirdLife International | ||||||
| Reviewer/s: | Bird, J., Butchart, S. | ||||||
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Justification: This species has an extremely large range, and hence does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the range size criterion (Extent of Occurrence <20,000 km2 combined with a declining or fluctuating range size, habitat extent/quality, or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation). Despite the fact that the population trend appears to be decreasing, the decline is not believed to be sufficiently rapid to approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the population trend criterion (>30% decline over ten years or three generations). The population size is extremely large, and hence does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the population size criterion (<10,000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be >10% in ten years or three generations, or with a specified population structure). For these reasons the species is evaluated as Least Concern. |
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| History: |
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| Range Description: | The Manx Shearwater breeds in the north Atlantic, with major colonies on the Atlantic coasts of the United Kingdom and Ireland. Colonies are also present on Iceland, islets off Massachusetts (USA) and Newfoundland (Canada), as well as on the Azores, Portugal and the Canary Islands, Spain. It undegoes transequatorial migration, expanding the range in winter to include the Atlantic coast of South America below the equator and the south-west coast of South Africa1. |
| Countries: |
Native:
Argentina; Bermuda; Brazil; Canada; Chile; Denmark; Falkland Islands (Malvinas); Faroe Islands; France; French Guiana; Guadeloupe; Iceland; Ireland; Liberia; Morocco; Namibia; Netherlands; Norway; Portugal; Puerto Rico; Saint Pierre and Miquelon; Senegal; South Africa; South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands; Spain; Trinidad and Tobago; United Kingdom; United States; Uruguay; Venezuela; Western Sahara
Vagrant:
Angola; Australia; Austria; Barbados; Belgium; Belize; Cape Verde; Costa Rica; Côte d'Ivoire; Cuba; Dominican Republic; Germany; Ghana; Greenland; Mauritania; New Zealand; Nigeria; Panama; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Sweden; Switzerland
Present - origin uncertain:
Gambia; Guinea; Guinea-Bissau; Saint Helena; Sierra Leone
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| Range Map: | Click here to open the map viewer and explore range. |
| Population: | In Europe (which covers >95% of the breeding range), the breeding population is estimated to be 350,000-390,000 breeding pairs, equating to 1,050,000-1170,000 individuals (BirdLife International 2004). Brooke (2004) also estimated the global population to be at least 1,000,000 individuals. |
| Habitat and Ecology: | This marine species is mainly found on waters over the continental shelf, feeding mainly on small shoaling fish but also on some squid, crustaceans and offal. Prey is caught mainly by pursuit-plunging and pursuit-diving, either alone or in small flocks. Breeding starts in March, forming colonies on coastal or offshore islands, nesting in burrows1 |
| Systems: | Terrestrial; Marine |
| Citation: | BirdLife International 2009. Puffinus puffinus. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 09 February 2012. |
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