Conuropsis carolinensis

Taxonomy

Assessment Information

Geographic Range

Habitat and Ecology

Threats

Bibliography

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Taxonomy [top]

Kingdom	Phylum	Class	Order	Family
ANIMALIA	CHORDATA	AVES	PSITTACIFORMES	PSITTACIDAE

Scientific Name:

Conuropsis carolinensis

Species Authority:

(Linnaeus, 1758)

Common Name/s:

English

–

Carolina Parakeet

Assessment Information [top]

Red List Category & Criteria:

Extinct ver 3.1

Year Published:

2008

Assessor/s:

BirdLife International

Reviewer/s:

Bird, J., Butchart, S.

History:

2004	–	Extinct
2000	–	Extinct
1994	–	Extinct
1988	–	Extinct

Geographic Range [top]

Range Description:	Conuropsis carolinensis was endemic to the eastern USA, with the nominate race ranging from Florida to Virginia, and ludovicianus, through the Mississippi-Missouri drainage¹. Birds were still common at the beginning of the 19th century but, in 1832, Audubon noted their decline, which followed increasing human settlement moving inland from the east⁵. The last specimens were collected by Chapman near Lake Okeechobee, Florida, in 1904⁴ (although rumours of its survival persisted into the 1930s⁴). The last captive bird died in the Cincinnati Zoo in 1918².
Range Map:	Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.

Range Description:

Conuropsis carolinensis was endemic to the eastern USA, with the nominate race ranging from Florida to Virginia, and ludovicianus, through the Mississippi-Missouri drainage¹. Birds were still common at the beginning of the 19th century but, in 1832, Audubon noted their decline, which followed increasing human settlement moving inland from the east⁵. The last specimens were collected by Chapman near Lake Okeechobee, Florida, in 1904⁴ (although rumours of its survival persisted into the 1930s⁴). The last captive bird died in the Cincinnati Zoo in 1918².

Range Map:

Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.

Habitat and Ecology [top]

Habitat and Ecology:	Birds were wide-ranging but their typical habitat was cypress and sycamore trees along rivers and swamps⁵.
Systems:	Terrestrial

Threats [top]

Major Threat(s):	The main causes of the species's extinction were persecution (for food, crop protection, aviculture and the millinery trade), and deforestation (especially of the bottomlands), probably compounded by its gregariousness⁵, and by competition with introduced bees³.

Major Threat(s):

The main causes of the species's extinction were persecution (for food, crop protection, aviculture and the millinery trade), and deforestation (especially of the bottomlands), probably compounded by its gregariousness⁵, and by competition with introduced bees³.

Bibliography [top]

	Forshaw, J. M.; Cooper, W. T. 1989. Parrots of the world. Blandford Press, London. Joines, S. 1985. America's extinct parrot. ZooNooz 58: 4-9. McKinley, D. 1960. The Carolina Parakeet in pioneer Missouri. Wilson Bulletin 72: 274-287. McKinley, D. 1985. The Carolina Parakeet in Florida. Florida Ornithological Society Special Publication: 1-64. Saikku, M. 1991. The extinction of the Carolina Parakeet. Environment and History 14: 1-18.

Forshaw, J. M.; Cooper, W. T. 1989. Parrots of the world. Blandford Press, London.

Joines, S. 1985. America's extinct parrot. ZooNooz 58: 4-9.

McKinley, D. 1960. The Carolina Parakeet in pioneer Missouri. Wilson Bulletin 72: 274-287.

McKinley, D. 1985. The Carolina Parakeet in Florida. Florida Ornithological Society Special Publication: 1-64.

Saikku, M. 1991. The extinction of the Carolina Parakeet. Environment and History 14: 1-18.

Citation:	BirdLife International 2008. Conuropsis carolinensis. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 21 May 2012.
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